African swine fever

African swine fever

n.

A highly infectious, usually fatal viral disease of swine, characterized by fever, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. It occurs in sub-Saharan Africa, the Iberian Peninsula, and Sardinia.

African

pertaining to or originating in Africa.

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African buffalo

includes black Cape buffalo, red Congo buffalo and red-brown varieties from Abyssinia to Niger. See also buffalo.

African clawed toad

see Xenopus laevis.

African daisy

see Seneciopterophorus.

African elephant

Loxodonta africana. See elephant.

African farcy

epizootic lymphangitis.

African glanders

see epizootic lymphangitis.

African green monkey

Cercopithecusaethiops.

African horse sickness

a highly infectious, fatal disease of horses, donkeys and mules. It is caused by an orbivirus transmitted by mosquitoes and possibly Culicoides sp. The clinical picture includes an acute pulmonary form manifested by dyspnea, cough and profuse nasal discharge, and a subacute, cardiac form in which the principal signs are edema of the head and internally, oral petechiation and esophageal paralysis. The mortality rate is very high.

African horse sickness, pulmonary form. By permission from Knottenbelt DC, Pascoe RR, Diseases and Disorders of the Horse, Saunders, 2003

African lion hound

see Rhodesian ridgeback.

African milk bush

Synadenium arborescens.

African mouth breeder

African freshwater tropical fish distinguished by their behavior of carrying the fertilized eggs in their mouths. Called also Tilapia macrocephala.

African pig disease

see African swine fever (below).

African pygmy pig

see miniature pig.

African redwood

see Mansonia altissima.

African rue

see Peganumharmala.

African star grass

Cynodonnlemfuensis.

African swine fever

a peracute, highly contagious, highly fatal disease of pigs caused by African swine fever virus, previously a member of the family Iridoviridae, now the only member of the genus Asfivirus. The virus is carried by wart hogs in which it produces no disease and is transmitted to European pigs via the tick Ornithodoros moubata porcinus. The disease was originally confined to southern Africa, but is now enzootic in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and has spread on occasion to Europe, including Spain, Portugal and Belgium, and also to Cuba and the Dominican Republic.

Currently the disease is eradicated from South America and the Caribbean countries but remains on the Iberian peninsula and Sardinia. The disease resembles classical swine fever (hog cholera). Clinically there is high fever, severe depression, purple skin discoloration, incoordination and posterior paresis. Death occurs about 2 days after the first signs of illness. In recent times the proportion of outbreaks which have been mild in severity has increased markedly.

African trypanosomiasis

nagana. See trypanosomiasis.

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swine

pertaining to or emanating from swine (pigs, hogs). See also porcine.

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African swine fever

see african swine fever.

classical swine fever

see classical swine fever.

swine dysentery

a contagious disease of young pigs caused by Brachyspirahyodysenteriae, characterized by severe porridge-like diarrhea, sometimes dysentery, dehydration and heavy morbidity and mortality rates.

swine erysipelas

see erysipelas.

swine fever

see classical swine fever; African swine fever.

swine influenza

a highly contagious upper respiratory disease of pigs caused by swine influenza virus and a concurrent infection with Haemophilus influenzae. Clinical signs include fever, stiffness, recumbency, labored breathing, sneezing, paroxysmal cough and nasal and ocular discharge. Called also ferkelgrippe.

swine paramyxovirus

see paramyxovirus encephalomyelitis.

swine paratyphoid

see salmonellosis.

swine plague

fibrinous pneumonia caused by Pasteurella multocida. May occur in outbreak form with a number of litters of young pigs being affected within a short time.

swine vesicular disease

is a highly infectious disease of pigs caused by an enterovirus related to human coxsackie B5 virus. It is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease in pigs. Vesicular lesions occur at the coronet, causing severe lameness, and in the mouth and on the snout.

vesicular exanthema of swine

see vesicular exanthema of swine.