Association between infection of different strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis and
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival plaque and clinical parameters in chronic periodontitis / J Zhejiang Univ Sci B., 8(2): 121-131 121.
(5), Haemophilus ducreyi (6) and
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (7).
Results of PCR performed on serum for
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were also negative.
Staphylococcus, Enterococcus species, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas species, unusual gram negative bacteria, and the HACEK organisms (Haemophilus aphorphilus, Haemophilus paraphrophilius,
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardioacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae) have been shown to be present in endocarditis and may play a role in vascular inflammation as well.(28)
[1995] found normalized PMN function after successful conservative periodontal treatment of a PLS patient, and Preus [1988] discovered a normalized monocyte function once the periodontitis and the presence of
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) was eradicated.
HACEK refers to gram-negative bacilli: Haemophilus species (H parainfluenzae, H aphrophilus, and H paraphrophilus),
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis Eikenella corrodens and Kingella species.
Virulence factors of
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Peridontal.
Microbiological and clinical results of metronidazome plus amoxicillin therapy in
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans associated periodontitis.
It is most commonly associated with a group of gram-negative bacilli collectively known as HACEK (for Hemophilus parainfluenzae, H aphrophilus, Hemophilus paraphrophilus,
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae).
