salicylic acid
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salicylic acid
[sal″ĭ-sil´ik]a keratolytic and caustic, used to treat a variety of skin conditions, such as dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, and psoriasis, and to remove calluses, corns, and warts. Its salts are the salicylates.
sal·i·cyl·ic ac·id
(sal'i-sil'ik as'id),A component of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), derived from salicin and made synthetically; used externally as a keratolytic agent, antiseptic, and fungicide.
salicylic acid
/sal·i·cyl·ic ac·id/ (sal″ĭ-sil´ik) a topical keratolytic and caustic; see also salicylate.salicylic acid
(săl′ĭ-sĭl′ĭk)n.
A white crystalline benzoic acid derivative, C7H6O3, used in making aspirin, as a preservative, and in the external treatment of skin conditions such as eczema.
salicylic acid
[sal′isil′ik]
a keratolytic agent.
indications It is prescribed in the treatment of hyperkeratotic skin conditions and as an adjunct in fungal infections.
contraindications Diabetes, impaired circulation, or known hypersensitivity to this drug prohibits its use.
adverse effects Among the more serious adverse effects are skin inflammation and salicylism.
sal·i·cyl·ic ac·id
(sal'i-sil'ik as'id)A component of aspirin, derived from salicin and made synthetically; used externally as a keratolytic agent.
salicylic acid
A drug that softens and loosens the horny outer layer of the skin (the epidermis) and is used in the treatment of various skin disorders such as ACNE, PSORIASIS, ICHTHYOSIS, WARTS and CALLOSITIES. The drug is on the WHO official list. Brand names are Acnisal, Occlusal, Pyravlex, and Verugon. Numerous skin preparations contain salicyclic acid in conjunction with other ingredients.Salicylic acid
An agent prescribed in the treatment of hyperkeratotic skin conditions and fungal infections.
Mentioned in: Warts
salicylic acid
; SA topical agent that is caustic/keratolytic in high strengths (i.e. 40–70%, applied topically as ointment/paste; used to treat verrucae and heloma dura – see Table 1), and antifungal (see Table 2), antiseptic and astringent (Table 3) in lower strengths (i.e. 3–5% applied topically as an ointment/lotion/cream/powder); it is incompatible with iodine, iron salts and oxidizing agentsPathology | Treatment options |
Hyperhidrosis | Topical astringents, e.g. 3% salicylic acid solution; aluminium salts (e.g. Anhydrol forte solution; ZeaSORB dusting powder), foot baths: 1: 10 000 potassium permanganate solution; contrast foot baths Non-occlusive foot wear (e.g. leather shoes/sandals; cotton socks) Drug therapy: iontorphoresis of 0.05% glycopyrronium bromide solution; local injection of botulinum A toxin–haemagglutinin complex |
Anhidrosis | Topical emollients: aqueous cream; emulsifying ointment; hydrous ointment; lanolin; liquid and white soft paraffin ointment; white soft paraffin; proprietary products, e.g. Diprobase, E45 |
Bromidrosis | As hyperhidrosis ± deodorant sprays |
Agent | Action | Special precautions | Contraindications |
Monochloroacetic acid (crystals or saturated solution) e.g. single VP | Keratolytic; hydrolysing agent Non-self-limiting | Deep penetration Painful Do not use mask if applying solution Use a mask if applying crystals Review in 5–7 days Neutralize with foot bath ± NaHCO3 or NaCl | Soft-tissue atrophy Peripheral vascular disease Sensory neuropathy |
Salicylic acid paste (40–70%) e.g. single VP; plantar hard corn | Keratolytic; hydrolysing agent | Macerates tissues Review in 7–14 days May be used in conjunction with monochloroacetic acid crystals Neutralize with foot bath ± NaHCO3 or NaCl | Soft-tissue atrophy Peripheral vascular disease Sensory neuropathy |
Pyrogallic acid e.g. single VP | Keratolytic; oxidizing agent | Deep penetration Review in 3–5 days Prolonged caustic action Do not apply more than 3 times sequentially Stains skin black/brown | Use with great care: may cause deep tissue breakdown Soft-tissue atrophy Peripheral vascular disease Sensory neuropathy |
Trichloroacetic acid (saturated solution; 10% solution) e.g. mosaic VP | Mild keratolytic Protein precipitant | Shallow penetration Neutralize with foot bath ± NaHCO3 or NaCl Review in 3 weeks | Peripheral vascular disease Sensory neuropathy |
Silver nitrate (70% solution; 75–95% stick) e.g. mosaic VP; as a protective skin application below a mask | Protein precipitant Self-limiting Stains skin black/brown Maximum effect occurs within 24 hours | Some patients show hypersensitivity to silver nitrate (or experience acute pain) Neutralize with NaCl foot bath May be applied in alternate layers with trichloroacetic acid | Peripheral vascular disease Known sensitivity |
Potassium hydroxide (KOH; 85% pellets) | Strong keratolytic | Potentially deep penetration Action of KOH stopped by application of 5% acetic acid after macerated coagulum has been removed Single treatment | Soft-tissue atrophy Peripheral vascular disease Sensory neuropathy |
Phenol (80% solution or 100% crystal) | Protein precipitate | Action retarded by flooding with industrial methylated spirit Skin overspill flooded with glycerine Review as per postoperative protocol | Peripheral vascular disease (phenol suppresses inflammatory response) |
VP, verruca pedis. |
Infection site | Agent |
Antimycotic agent (for the treatment of dermatophytosis) | |
Skin | Topical allylamine (e.g. 1% terbinafine cream for 7 days) Topical imidazoles (e.g. 2% miconazole or 1% clotrimazole for 28 days) Topical 0.25% amorolfine Topical 1% econazole Topical griseofulvin spray (400 µg puff daily for 14 days) Topical 1% sulconazole Topical tea tree (manuka) oil Topical undecenoate (20% zinc undecenoate + 5% undecenoic acid) Topical Whitfield's ointment (6% benzoic acid + 3% salicylic acid) Other topicals include: weak iodine solution 2.5%; potassium permanganate paint 1%; salicylate acid cream or alcoholic solution 3–5%; benzoic acid (Whitfield's) ointment; sodium polymetaphosphate dusting powder Systemic terbinafine (250 mg daily for 2 weeks) Systemic itraconazole (100 mg daily for 15 days) Systemic griseofulvin (500 mg daily ) |
Nail | Topical amorolfine 0.25% lacquer as an adjunct to systemic treatment Topical borotannic acid complex acid; Phytex paint (1.46% salicylic acid + 4.89% tannic acid + 3.12% boric acid) Topical 28% tioconazole lacquer Topical undecenoate lacquer; Monphytol paint (5% methyl undecenoate + 0.7% propyl undecenoate + 3% salicylic acid + 25% methyl salicylate + 5% propyl salicylate + 3% chlorambucil) Other topicals: strong iodine 10% solution Systemic terbinafine (250 mg daily for 12–16 weeks) Systemic itraconazole (400 mg for 1 week in a month, repeated overall 3 or 4 times) Anticandidal agent (for the treatment of candidiasis) |
Skin | Topical antimycotic creams (1% clotrimazole; 1% econazole; 2% miconazole) Topical nystatin (100 000 units ± 1% tolnaftate) Antipityriasis versicolor agent (for the treatment of pityriasis versicolor) |
Skin | Topical 2% ketoconazole Topical 2.5% selenium sulphide Topical antimycotic agents (1% clotrimazole; 1% econazole; 2% miconazole; 1% sulconazole; 1% terbinafine) Systemic fluconazole/itraconazole/ketoconazole/miconazole/voriconazole |
salicylic acid
o-hydroxybenzoic acid; used as a keratolytic. See also salicylate.