Alterations in ABO antigen expression on thesurface of malignant cells, compared to normal epithelium, have been seen for a variety oftumor types, including breast cancer [16].
A functioning FUT2 enzyme allows for the secretion of ABO antigens into body fluids, however, homozygous inactivating mutations in FUT2 occurin approximately 20% of non-secretor individualsgroups [18].
Standard
ABO antigen blood typing was performed at the Kern County Health Department laboratories.
But in contrast to above-mentioned findings, Grundbacher et al and Marsh et al had opined that there existed a poor quantitative relationship between maternal antibody levels and the ensuing haemolytic process, which was attributed to variations in the strength and reactivity of
ABO antigens among infants.
7 Genes for
ABO antigens and Rh antigen are located on chromosome no.
16) ABO HDFN tends to be clinically less severe because
ABO antigens are only weakly expressed in fetal development and also because of the presence of
ABO antigens in secretions of some fetuses that will neutralize maternal antibodies.
3] However, along with their expression on RBCs,
ABO antigens are also highly expressed on the surface of a variety of human cells and tissues, including the epithelium, sensory neurons, platelets, and the vascular endothelium.
where no association could be established between the presence of
ABO antigens and malaria by P.
The expressions of blood group antigens are different in human normal tissue and carcinomas, while the type of differentiation of the epithelium determines
ABO antigens, which are decreased in carcinoma as in oral carcinoma.
Gene for
ABO antigens is on the 9th chromosome and Rh antigen gene is on the 1st chromosome.
The antibodies of the ABO system are primarily IgM in nature, although some IgG and IgA antibodies may also be present The immune form of the ABO antibodies results from exposure to incompatible RBCs or other sources of
ABO antigens.