body (bod´e)
vitreous body.
1. the largest and most important part of any organ.
2. any mass or collection of material.
3. trunk (1).
acetone bodies ketone bodies.
amygdaloid body corpus amygdaloideum.
anococcygeal body see under ligament.
aortic bodies small neurovascular structures on either side of the aorta in the region of the aortic arch, containing chemoreceptors that play a role in reflex regulation of respiration.
bodies of Arantius small tubercles, one at the center of the free margin of each of the three cusps of the aortic and pulmonary valves.
asbestos bodies ferruginous bodies whose center is asbestos.
Aschoff bodies submiliary collections of cells and leukocytes in the interstitial tissues of the heart in rheumatic myocarditis.
asteroid body an irregularly star-shaped inclusion body found in the giant cells in sarcoidosis and other diseases.
Auer bodies finely granular, lamellar bodies having acid-phosphatase activity, found in the cytoplasm of myeloblasts, myelocytes, monoblasts, and granular histiocytes, rarely in plasma cells, and virtually pathognomonic of leukemia.
Barr body sex chromatin.
basal body a modified centriole that occurs at the base of a flagellum or cilium.
Cabot's ring bodies lines in the form of loops or figures-of-8, seen in stained erythrocytes in severe anemias.
carotid body a small neurovascular structure lying in the bifurcation of the right and left carotid arteries, containing chemoreceptors that monitor oxygen content in blood and help to regulate respiration. 
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Carotid body, located deep to the carotid bifurcation and innervated by a plexus of glossopharyngeal, vagal, and sympathetic components.
cavernous body of penis corpus cavernosum penis.
ciliary body the thickened part of the vascular tunic of the eye, connecting the choroid and iris.
Cowdry type I inclusion bodies eosinophilic nuclear inclusions of nucleic acid and protein seen in cells infected with herpes simplex or varicella-zoster virus.
Döhle's inclusion bodies small bodies seen in the cytoplasm of neutrophils in many infectious diseases, burns, aplastic anemia, and other disorders, and after the administration of toxic agents.
Donovan's body an encapsulated bacterium, Calymmatobacterium granulomatis, found in lesions of granuloma inguinale.
embryoid bodies structures resembling embryos, seen in several types of germ cell tumors.
ferruginous bodies small masses of mineral matter in the lungs resulting from deposition of calcium salts, iron salts, and protein around a central core of foreign matter.
fruiting body a specialized structure, as an apothecium, which produces spores.
geniculate body, lateral an eminence of the metathalamus, just lateral to the medial geniculate body, marking the end of the optic tract.
geniculate body, medial an eminence of the metathalamus, just lateral to the superior colliculi, concerned with hearing.
Golgi body see under complex.
Heinz bodies , Heinz-Ehrlich bodies inclusion bodies resulting from oxidative injury to and precipitation of hemoglobin; seen in the presence of certain abnormal hemoglobins and erythrocytes with enzyme deficiencies.
hematoxylin body a dense, homogeneous particle consisting of the denatured nuclear material of an injured cell, occurring in systemic lupus erythematosus; lymphocytes that ingest such particles are known as LE cells. Called also LE b.
hyaloid body vitreous b.
immune body antibody.
inclusion bodies round, oval, or irregular-shaped bodies in the cytoplasm and nuclei of cells, as in disease due to viral infection, such as rabies, smallpox, etc.
ketone bodies the substances acetone, acetoacetic acid, and β-hydroxybutyric acid; except for acetone (which may arise spontaneously from acetoacetic acid), they are normal metabolic products of lipid within the liver, and are oxidized by muscles; excessive production leads to urinary secretion of these bodies, as in diabetes mellitus.
lamellar body keratinosome.
LE body hematoxylin b.
Leishman-Donovan body amastigote.
mammillary body either of the pair of small spherical masses in the interpeduncular fossa of the midbrain, forming part of the hypothalamus.
Masson bodies cellular tissue that fills the pulmonary alveoli and alveolar ducts in rheumatic pneumonia; they may be modified Aschoff bodies.
metachromatic bodies see under granule.
Negri bodies round or oval inclusion bodies seen in the cytoplasm and sometimes in the processes of neurons of rabid animals after death.
Nissl bodies large granular basophilic bodies found in the cytoplasm of neurons, composed of rough endoplasmic reticulum and free polyribosomes.
olivary body olive (2).
pacchionian bodies arachnoidal granulations.
para-aortic bodies enclaves of chromaffin cells near the sympathetic ganglia along the abdominal aorta, serving as chemoreceptors responsive to oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen ion concentration and which help control respiration.
pineal body a small conical structure attached by a stalk to the posterior wall of the third ventricle; it secretes melatonin. Called also epiphysis cerebri and pineal gland.
pituitary body hypophysis.
polar bodies
1. small nonfunctional cells consisting of a tiny bit of cytoplasm and a nucleus, resulting from unequal division of the primary oocyte (first polar b.) and, if fertilization occurs, of the secondary oocyte (second polar b.) .
2. metachromatic granules located at the ends of bacteria.
psammoma body a spherical, concentrically laminated mass of calcareous material, usually of microscopic size; such bodies occur in both benign and malignant epithelial and connective-tissue tumors, and are sometimes associated with chronic inflammation.
quadrigeminal bodies corpora quadrigemina.
Russell bodies globular plasma cell inclusions, representing aggregates of immunoglobulins synthesized by the cell.
sand bodies the mass of gritty matter lying in or near the pineal body, the choroid plexus, and other parts of the brain.
body of sternum the principal portion of the sternum, located between the manubrium above and the xiphoid process below.
trachoma bodies inclusion bodies found in clusters in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of the conjunctiva in trachoma.
tympanic body an ovoid body in the upper part of the superior bulb of the internal jugular vein, believed similar to the carotid body in structure and function.
vermiform bodies peculiar sinuous invaginations of the plasma membrane of Kupffer cells of the liver.
vitreous body the transparent gel filling the inner portion of the eyeball between the lens and retina.
Weibel-Palade bodies rod-shaped intracytoplasmic bundles of microtubules specific for vascular endothelial cells and used as markers for endothelial cell neoplasms.
| vitreous body n. A transparent jellylike substance enclosing the vitreous humor and filling the interior of the eyeball behind the lens. Also called hyaloid body, vitreum. |
vitreous body.
See vitreous humor.
body
1. the trunk, or animal frame, with its organs.
2. the largest and most important part of any organ.
3. any mass or collection of material.
acetone b's
see ketone bodies.
body cavity
see cavity.
ellipsoid body
formed in degenerating myelin sheaths. Each contains a fragment of myelin apparently undergoing enzymatic digestion around a fragment of degenerating axon.
fimbriate body
see corpus fimbriatum.
body fluids
see body fluids.
gelatinous body
a 3-5 mm glycogen-rich body in the dorsal surface of the lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord in birds.
geniculate b's (lateral)
two metathalamus eminences, one on each side just lateral to the medial geniculate bodies, marking the termination of the optic tract.
geniculate b's (medial)
two metathalamus eminences, one on each side, just lateral to the superior colliculi, concerned with hearing.
Heinz body, Heinz-Ehrlich body
a dark staining refractile body of erythrocytes, consisting of denatured hemoglobin. See also Heinz body anemia.
Howell's b's
see howell-jolly bodies.
body louse
mamillary body
either of the pair of small spherical masses in the interpeduncular fossa of the midbrain, forming part of the hypothalamus.
body mass
see body weight.
multilamellar body
any of the osmiophilic, lipid-rich, layered bodies found in the type II alveolar cells of the lung.
Negri b's
eosinophilic, oval or round inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of neurones of animals dead of rabies.
olivary body
see olive (2).
Pappenheimer body
dark, basophilic, iron-containing granules seen in erythrocytes (siderocytes). Occur in hemolytic anemia.
para-aortic b's
enclaves of chromaffin cells near the sympathetic ganglia along the abdominal aorta, which secrete catecholamines during prenatal and early postnatal life, aiding the adrenal medulla. Tumors of these structures produce clinical signs similar to those of pheochromocytoma.
paracloacal vascular body
a small patch of vascular tissue in the wall of the urodeum in birds.
phallic body
pair of bodies flanking the phallus of the male bird; participate in the insemination of the hen.
pituitary body
pituitary gland.
quadrigeminal b's
see corpora quadrigemina.
striate body
see corpus striatum.
body surface area (BSA)
the total surface area of the body. Used to calculate drug dosages, particularly in the use of toxic drugs such as those used in cancer chemotherapy. This minimizes errors introduced by variations in distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drug. Several equations can be used to express the area, based on body weight, but conversion tables are usually used. See Table 21.
trapezoid body
transverse ridge crossing the ventral surface of the medulla oblongata.
vitreous body
the transparent gel filling the posterior segment of the eyeball between the lens and retina. Called also vitreous and vitreous humor.
body weight
see body weight.
wolffian body
see mesonephros.
vitreous
1. glasslike or hyaline.
2. the vitreous body.
vitreous body
see vitreous body.
vitreous flare
an opacity of the vitreous which occurs with uveitis.
vitreous floater
a small opacity in the vitreous which may stimulate the retina and cause abnormal behavior patterns such as 'fly-biting'.
vitreous humor
1. vitreous body.
2. the watery substance contained within the interstices of the stroma in the vitreous body.
peripapillary vitreous
that adjacent to the optic disk.
persistent hyperplastic vitreous
a congenital anomaly, usually unilateral, due to persistence of embryonic remnants of the fibromuscular tunic of the eye and part of the hyaloid vascular system. Clinically, there is a white pupil, elongated ciliary processes, and often microphthalmia; the lens, although clear initially, may become completely opaque.
vitreous membrane
1. Descemet's membrane.
2. hyaline membrane (1).
3. Bruch's membrane.
4. a delicate boundary layer investing the vitreous body.
primary vitreous
the first stage in development of the vitreous; it persists in the adult as Cloquet's canal.
vitreous removal
vitrectomy.
secondary vitreous
the secondary stage in development of the vitreous; an avascular mass secreted by the retinal ectoderm.
tertiary vitreous
the third and final stage of development of the vitreous; it is secreted by the ciliary epithelium and persists in the adult as the suspensory ligament of the lens.
vitreous veils
curtain-like opacities seen in a normal vitreous.
humour, vitreous
A transparent, colourless, gelatinous mass of a consistency somewhat firmer than egg white which fills the space between the crystalline lens, the ciliary body and the retina, and constitutes four-fifths of the volume of the eye. The vitreous is about 99% water, the remaining 1% includes hyaluronic acid, organic salts and soluble and insoluble proteins especially collagen (mainly type II). It is firmly attached to the pars plana of the ciliary body near the ora serrata in an area known as the vitreous base and around the optic disc. In older people and in pathological conditions the vitreous is no longer in a gel state, tending to become fluid. Syn. vitreous body. See hyaloid artery; asteroid hyalosis; floaters; hyaloid remnant; synchisis scintillans; Wagner's syndrome; vitreous base; vitreous detachment.
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