ventricular septum

Septum (ventricular septum)

That portion of the heart wall that divides the right and left ventricles.

Mentioned in: Cardiomyopathy

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ventricular septum.

See interventricular septum.

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septum [sep´tum] (L.)

1. a wall or partition dividing a body space or cavity. Some are membranous, some are osseous, and some are cartilaginous; each is named according to its location. See also septal defect. adj., adj sep´tal.

2. nasal septum.

alveolar septum interalveolar septum.

atrial septum (septum atrio´rum cor´dis) interatrial septum.

atrioventricular septum the part of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum between the left ventricle and the right atrium.

deviated septum an injury or malformation of the nasal septum so that one part of the nasal cavity is smaller than the other; this is fairly common and seldom causes complications. Occasionally the deviation may handicap breathing, block the normal flow of mucus from the sinuses during a cold, or prevent proper drainage of infected sinuses. In some cases surgery (called partial or complete submucous resection) may be necessary to relieve the obstruction and reduce irritation and infection in the nose and sinuses.

interalveolar septum

1. one of the thin plates of bone separating the alveoli of the teeth in the mandible and maxilla. Called also interradicular septum.

2. one of the thin septa that separate adjacent pulmonary alveoli, containing connective tissue and the capillary network of the blood supply of the lung. Defs. 1 and 2 called also alveolar septum.

interatrial septum (septum interatria´le cor´dis) the partition separating the right and left atria of the heart; called also atrial septum.

interradicular septum interalveolar septum (def. 1).

interventricular septum (septum interventricula´re cor´dis) the partition separating the right and left ventricles of the heart; called also ventricular septum.

nasal septum a plate of bone and cartilage covered with mucous membrane that divides the nasal cavity.

septum lu´cidum septum pellucidum.

pellucid septum (septum pellu´cidum) the triangular double membrane separating the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles of the brain; called also septum lucidum.

septum pri´mum a septum in the embryonic heart, dividing the primitive atrium into right and left chambers. See also congenital heart defect.

rectovaginal septum the membranous partition between the rectum and vagina.

rectovesical septum a membranous partition separating the rectum from the prostate and urinary bladder.

septum of ventricles of heart (ventricular septum) (septum ventriculo´rum cor´dis) interventricular septum.

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ventricular

pertaining to a ventricle.

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ventricular assist device

a circulatory support device consisting of a pump with afferent and efferent conduits attached to the left ventricular apex and the ascending aorta, respectively, each conduit containing a porcine valve to ensure unidirectional blood flow; the pump rests on the external chest wall and is connected to an external pneumatic power source and control circuit.

ventricular asystole

see asystole.

ventricular bands

folds of mucosa, parallel and craniolateral to the vocal cords. Called also false vocal cords, vestibular folds.

double right ventricular outlet

a cardiac anomaly rarely seen in animals in which both the aorta and pulmonary artery arise from the right ventricle and there is a defect in the ventricular septum.

excessive ventricular moderator bands

a rare syndrome of cardiomyopathy in cats caused by an excessive number of moderator bands in the left ventricle, extending from the papillary muscles to the ventricular septum.

ventricular extrasystoles

see ventricular extrasystole.

ventricular fibrillation

see ventricular fibrillation.

ventricular function curve

see starling curves.

ventricular hypertrophy

see ventricular hypertrophy.

ventricular outflow obstruction

flow of blood from the ventricles is impaired by lesions or congenital abnormalities in the outflow tract. This is usually associated with hypertrophy of the ventricle and can be demonstrated with echocardiography or contract radiography. Left outflow obstruction occurs with stenosis and other anomalies of the aorta; right outflow obstruction occurs with pulmonic stenosis, pulmonic insufficiency, tetralogy of Fallot, and double-chambered right ventricle.

ventricular premature contraction (VPC)

see premature heartbeats.

ventricular rupture

due to focal weakness causes sudden death due to cardiac tamponade.

ventricular septal defect

a congenital heart defect in which there is persistent patency of the ventricular septum in either the muscular or fibrous portion most often due to failure of the bulbar septum to completely close the interventricular foramen. The defect permits flow of blood directly from one ventricle to the other, bypassing the pulmonary circulation and producing varying degrees of cyanosis because of oxygen deficiency. Its clinical characteristics also include a systolic murmur and a palpable thrill on both sides of the chest, dyspnea and poor exercise tolerance. The occurrence is sporadic except that it is inherited in goats and dogs.

ventricular septum

the muscular wall between the ventricles. A small section, between the aortic vestibule and the right atrium, is membranous. Failure of the septum to close completely during fetal growth causes a septal or subaortic defect.

ventricular shortening fraction

in echocardiography, the percentage change in diameter from diastole to systole. Calculated from the internal systolic and diastolic dimensions. It is a measure of mycocardial function.

ventricular slice method

a method for examination of fixed heart by cutting it into 0.5 inch thick slices, perpendicular to the plane of the ventricular septum, from apex to base. Useful in examination of myocardial lesions and cardiomyopathy.

ventricular tachycardia

is manifested by a high heart rate with or without arrhythmia. In both cases there is severe cardiac disease and often acute heart failure.