type 2 diabetes mellitus

diabetes /di·a·be·tes/ (di″ah-be´tēz) any disorder characterized by excessive urine excretion. When used alone, the term refers to diabetes mellitus.

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adult-onset diabetes mellitus  type 2 d. mellitus.

brittle diabetes  type 1 diabetes mellitus characterized by wide, unpredictable fluctuations of blood glucose values and difficult to control.

bronze diabetes , bronzed diabetes hemochromatosis.

central diabetes insipidus  diabetes insipidus due to injury of the neurohypophyseal system, with a deficient quantity of antidiuretic hormone being released or produced, causing failure of renal tubular reabsorption of water.

gestational diabetes , gestational diabetes mellitus that with onset or first recognition during pregnancy.

growth-onset diabetes mellitus  type 1 d. mellitus.

diabetes insi´pidus  any of several types of polyuria in which the volume of urine exceeds 3 liters per day, causing dehydration and great thirst, as well as sometimes emaciation and great hunger.

insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus  (IDD) (IDDM) type 1 d. mellitus.

juvenile diabetes mellitus , juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus type 1 d. mellitus.

ketosis-prone diabetes mellitus  type 1 d. mellitus.

maturity-onset diabetes mellitus  type 2 d. mellitus.

diabetes mel´litus  (DM) a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance. It occurs in two major forms: type 1 d. mellitus and type 2 d. mellitus, which differ in etiology, pathology, genetics, age of onset, and treatment.

nephrogenic diabetes insipidus  inherited or acquired diabetes insipidus caused by failure of the renal tubules to reabsorb water in response to antidiuretic hormone, without disturbance in the renal filtration and solute excretion rates.

non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus  (NIDD) (NIDDM) type 2 d. mellitus.

preclinical diabetes  former name for impaired glucose tolerance.

renal diabetes  see under glycosuria.

subclinical diabetes  former name for impaired glucose tolerance.

Type I diabetes mellitus  type 1 d. mellitus.

type 1 diabetes mellitus  one of the two major types of diabetes mellitus, characterized by abrupt onset of symptoms (often in early adolescence), insulinopenia, and dependence on exogenous insulin; it is due to lack of insulin production by the pancreatic beta cells. With inadequate control, hyperglycemia, protein wasting, and ketone body production occur; the hyperglycemia leads to overflow glycosuria, osmotic diuresis, hyperosmolarity, dehydration, and diabetic ketoacidosis, which can progress to nausea and vomiting, stupor, and potentially fatal hyperosmolar coma. The associated angiopathy of blood vessels (particularly microangiopathy) affects the retinas, kidneys, and arteriolar basement membranes. Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, weight loss, paresthesias, blurred vision, and irritability also occur.

Type II diabetes mellitus  type 2 d. mellitus.

type 2 diabetes mellitus  one of the two major types of diabetes mellitus, peaking in onset between 50 and 60 years of age, characterized by gradual onset with few symptoms of metabolic disturbance (glycosuria and its consequences) and control by diet, with or without oral hypoglycemics but without exogenous insulin required. Basal insulin secretion is maintained at normal or reduced levels, but insulin release in response to a glucose load is delayed or reduced. Defective glucose receptors on the pancreatic beta cells may be involved. It is often accompanied by disease of blood vessels, particularly the large ones, leading to premature atherosclerosis with myocardial infarction or stroke syndrome.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus

One of the two major types of diabetes mellitus, characterized by late age of onset (30 years or older), insulin resistance, high levels of blood sugar, and little or no need for supple-mental insulin. It was formerly known as adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Mentioned in: Insulin Resistance

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type 2 diabetes mellitus,

a type of diabetes mellitus characterized by insulin resistance in appropriate hepatic glucose production and impaired insulin secretion. Onset is usually after 40 years of age but can occur at any age, including during childhood and adolescence. Familial aggregation implies that genetic factors and environmental factors, such as obesity and a sedentary lifestyle, superimposed on genetic susceptibility are involved in the onset. The majority (|Lf90%) of persons with type 2 diabetes are obese; glucose tolerance is often improved by modest weight loss and increased activity. Persons with type 2 diabetes can manage their disorder with a meal plan, increased activity, oral antidiabetes agents such as insulin secretagogues, biguanides, alpha glucosidase inhibitors and insulin sensitizers, and insulin. Maturity onset diabetes of young is a rare type 2 diabetes, and an autosomal-dominant inheritance is clearly established. Previously called adult-onset diabetes, ketosis-resistant diabetes, maturity-onset diabetes, maturity-onset diabetes, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, stabile diabetes. Also called type II diabetes mellitus. See also diabetes mellitus.

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diabetes mellitus

(mel´ts),
n a metabolic disorder caused primarily by a defect in the production of insulin by the islet cells of the pancreas, resulting in an inability to use carbohydrates. Characterized by hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria, hyperlipemia (caused by imperfect catabolism of fats), acidosis, ketonuria, and a lowered resistance to infection. Periodontal manifestations if blood sugar is not being controlled may include recurrent and multiple periodontal abscesses, osteoporotic changes in alveolar bone, fungating masses of granulation tissue protruding from periodontal pockets, a lowered resistance to infection, and delay in healing after periodontal therapy. See also blood glucose level(s).

diabetes mellitus, amputation,

n a great number of limb amputations are caused by diabetes, especially amputations of the feet; blood infections in the feet can go unnoticed by the patient because of a lack of feeling caused by diabetic neuropathy.

diabetes mellitus, type 1,

n diabetes that usually includes patients requiring the administration of insulin to prevent ketosis. Previously called
insulin-dependent (IDDM), juvenile-onset diabetes, brittle diabetes, and
ketosis-prone diabetes.

diabetes mellitus, type 2,

n diabetes that includes patients who can maintain proper blood sugar levels within the administration of insulin. Previously called
non insulin-dependent (NIDDM), maturity-onset diabetes, adult-onset diabetes, ketosis-resistant diabetes, and
stable diabetes.

diabetes, phlorizin

(flor´zin),
n a condition of glycosuria caused by inhibition of phosphorylation of phlorizin. It is not related to an endocrine disturbance.

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type 2 diabetes mellitus

Adult-onset diabetes, diabetes mellitus type 2, NIDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus Endocrinology A mild form of DM with an onset > age 40, ↓ incidence of DKA, accompanied by microvascular complications, which comprises 90% of DM; 80% of type 2 DM Pts are obese–an association known as 'diabesity', insulin-deficient, insulin-resistant Diagnosis 1. Fasting glucose is 7.8 mmol/L–US > 140 mg/dL on ≥ 2 occasions or 2. When in a 75g GTT, the 2-hr and one other value–drawn at the 30, 60, or 90 min intervals are > 11.2 mmol/L–US > 200 mg/dL Clinical Blurred vision, poorly healing cuts, paresthesias in hands/feet, recurring skin, mouth, or bladder infections, any type 1 Sx–thirst, ↑ appetite, rapid weight loss, fatigue  Treatment type 2 DM does not usually require exogenous insulin; insulin may be required during 'crises' Prognosis Relatively good, especially if controllable by lifestyle modifications. See Glucose tolerance curve, MODY. Cf type 1 DM.

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Patient discussion about type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Q. Hello to all the diabetic people here. Anybody can recommend a good diabetes blog that I can learn from? I can't seem to find a good blog for Diabetes.

A. which kind of diabetes do you have? do you need insulin (diabetes I) or do you have to much sugar in your blood because you eat too much artificial sweeteners (diabetes II). for diabetes II i have with me a report about the causes and what you can do to cure yourself with the help of doctors or therapists.

Q. Is Diabetes type 2 a chronic disease? I have been diagnosed with Diabetes; does this mean I will always have it from now on?

A. I was a type 2 diabetic for 15 years. I had a gastric bypass, lost a ton of weight and no longer test as a diabetic. But, my doctors say "once a diabetic, always a diabetic." So the tendency is still there and must be addressed always. My problem is not evident but now I have kidney disease and it is attributed to diabetes with complications. Eat right, get exercise and lose weight. I hope you educe your numbers so you won't risk the complications. This is your best goal for now. Diabetes is being constantly researched, so the future looks bright and maybe a cure is on the horizon! Blessings!

Q. Type 2 Diabetics solution My uncle is suffering from type 2 diabetics and i want to know that is there any permanent solution for type 2 diabities. Very worried about weight loss too. Any one there to give us a permanent solution?

A. I read some where that Other than surgery to replace your pancreas, which is usually reserved for type 1 and not always effective anyway. The best way is through diet and weight control. You didn't mention if you are overweight or not. If so, losing the extra weight has proven to be a cure for many people -- so much so, that many insurances companies will now approve gastric surgery for overweight diabetics. In other cases, people who weren't completely cured were able to discontinue insulin and use oral medications instead. Diet and exercise are the most important ways of helping to manage type 2 diabetes. Of course, always talk with your doctor before beginning any diet or exercise routine. That's not just an expression -- he may need to adjust your medicine, and he should be aware of how and what you're doing.

If you aren't overweight and are insulin dependent, surgery may be the only "cure", but be aware there are risks.

Hope this helps! : )