transcription /trans·crip·tion/ (-krip´shun) the synthesis of RNA using a DNA template catalyzed by RNA polymerase; the base sequences of the RNA and DNA are complementary. 
transcription
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Transcription. Binding of the RNA polymerase at a specific site on DNA to be transcribed (A) is followed by unwinding of a region of the DNA helix and initiation of transcription in a 5′ to 3′ direction (B), producing an RNA transcript complementary to, and hydrogen-bonded with, the template strand of the DNA. The transcript elongates as the polymerase proceeds down the DNA (C), helix unwinding before and rewinding after it.
tran·scrip·tion (tr n-skr p sh n)n. 1. The act or process of transcribing. 2. Something that has been transcribed. 3. The process by which mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template resulting in the transfer of genetic information from the DNA molecule to mRNA. tran·scrip tion·al adj. |
transcription
[transkrip′shən]
Etymology: L, trans + scribere, to write
the process by which messenger RNA is formed from a DNA template. See also anticodon, genetic code.
transcription
the synthesis of an RNA copy from a nucleotide sequence in a limited region of DNA. See also deoxyribonucleic acid and transcriptase.
transcription-control region
the cis-acting DNA sequences regulating transcription of a specific gene.
transcription factor (TF)
a general term for any protein, other than RNA polymerase, required to initiate or regulate transcription in eukaryotic cells. General TFs are involved in the formation of the transcription-preinitiation complexes near the start site and are required for transcription of all genes; specific TFs stimulate (activators) or inhibit (suppressors) transcription of particular genes by binding to their regulatory sequences.
nested set transcription
a hallmark of the replication strategy of coronaviruses, toroviruses and arteriviruses, in which a nested set of subgenomic mRNAs are generated having identical 5′-leader sequences and a common 3′-termini, but because of discontinuous transcription each mRNA has a unique coding sequence and is transcribed into a unique viral protein.
reverse transcription
the synthesis of a DNA copy from a RNA template, catalyzed by reverse transcriptase.
transcription unit
see operon.
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