capacity /ca·pac·i·ty/ (kah-pas´ĭ-te) the power to hold, retain, or contain, or the ability to absorb; usually expressed numerically as the measure of such ability.
total lung capacity (TLC),
total lung capacity,
capacity,
total lung capacity
forced vital capacity (FVC) vital capacity measured when the patient is exhaling with maximal speed and effort.
functional residual capacity the amount of air remaining at the end of normal quiet respiration.
heat capacity the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a specific quantity of a substance by one degree Celsius. Symbol C.
inspiratory capacity the volume of gas that can be taken into the lungs in a full inhalation, starting from the resting inspiratory position; equal to the tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume.
maximal breathing capacity maximum voluntary ventilation.
thermal capacity heat c.
total lung capacity the amount of gas contained in the lung at the end of a maximal inhalation. 
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Subdivisions of total lung capacity: TLC, total lung capacity; VT, tidal volume; IC, inspiratory capacity; FRC, functional residual capacity; ERV, expiratory reserve volume; VC, vital capacity; RV, residual volume.
virus neutralizing capacity the ability of a serum to inhibit the infectivity of a virus.
vital capacity VC; the volume of gas that can be expelled from the lungs from a position of full inspiration, with no limit to duration of inspiration; equal to inspiratory capacity plus expiratory reserve volume.
| total lung capacity n. Abbr. TLC The volume of gas that is contained in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration. |
total lung capacity (TLC),
the volume of gas in the lungs at the end of a maximum inspiration. It equals the vital capacity plus the residual capacity.
total lung capacity,
n the maximum volume of air the lungs can hold.
capacity,
n legal qualification, competency, power, or fitness.
capacity, functional residual,
n (normal capacity), the volume of gas in the lungs at resting expiratory level.
capacity, iron-binding,
n a measure of the binding capacity of iron in the serum; helps to differentiate the causes of hypoferremia. This capacity tends to increase in iron deficiency and diminishes in chronic diseases and during infection.
capacity, normal,
n See capacity, functional residual.
capacity, total lung (TLC),
n the volume of air in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration.
capacity, vital (VC),
n the maximum volume of air that can be expired after maximal inspiration.
capacity
the power to hold, retain, or contain, or the ability to absorb; usually expressed numerically as the measure of such ability.
carrying capacity
see carrying capacity.
closing capacity (CC)
the volume of gas in the lungs at the time of airway closure. See also closing volume.
forced vital capacity
the maximal volume of gas that can be exhaled from full inspiration exhaling as forcefully and rapidly as possible. See also pulmonary function tests.
functional residual capacity
the amount of gas remaining at the end of normal quiet respiration.
heat capacity
thermal capacity.
inspiratory capacity
the volume of gas that can be taken into the lungs in a full inspiration, starting from the resting inspiratory position; equal to the tidal volume plus the inspiratory reserve volume.
maximal breathing capacity
maximal voluntary ventilation.
thermal capacity
the amount of heat absorbed by a body in being raised 1°C.
total lung capacity
the amount of gas contained in the lung at the end of a maximal inspiration.
virus neutralizing capacity
the ability of a serum to inhibit the infectivity of a virus.
vital capacity
the volume of gas that can be expelled from the lungs from a position of full inspiration, with no limit to duration of expiration; equal to inspiratory capacity plus expiratory reserve volume.
lung
either of the two main organs of respiration, lying on either side of the heart, within the chest cavity. The lungs supply the blood with oxygen inhaled from the outside air, and they dispose of waste carbon dioxide in the exhaled air, as a part of the process of respiration. They are usually divided into lobes, the left lung has up to three (cranial, middle and caudal), while the right lung has up to four (cranial, middle, caudal and accessory). Horse lungs are least subdivided; cat and dog lungs are deeply fissured into lobes.
The lungs are made of elastic tissue filled with interlacing networks of tubes and sacs carrying air, and with blood vessels carrying blood. The bronchi, which bring air to the lungs, branch out within the lungs into many smaller tubes, the bronchioles, which culminate in clusters of tiny air sacs called alveoli, whose total runs into millions. The alveoli are surrounded by a network of capillaries. Through the thin membranes of the capillaries, the air and blood make their exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. See also pulmonary, respiratory.
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Lung lobes. By permission from Aspinall V, O'Reilly M, Introduction to Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Butterworth Heinemann, 2004
accessory lung
develop from an embryonic lung bud in an abnormal site, e.g. neck, abdomen.
lung birth changes
include dilation of the alveoli and the bronchial tree, marked pulmonary vasodilation, decreased resistance to blood flow through the lungs, constriction of the ductus arteriosus, removal of fluid from the fetal bronchial tree.
lung breath sounds
see breath sounds.
lung bud
blunt end of the respiratory diverticulum which grows ventrally out of the proximal end of the foregut, then extends caudally and divides into two, forming the origins of the bronchial tree.
lung consolidation
see consolidation, hepatization.
lung-digit syndrome
an uncommon condition in cats in which a primary lung tumor metastasizes to, usually multiple, digits as well as other sites.
ectopic lung
edematous, lobulated masses of lung tissue in the abdominal or thoracic cavities or in subcutaneous sites.
lung factor
closely related ipomeanols produced in rotting sweet potatoes by the catabolic activities of the fungus Perilla frutescens and other fungi of phytoalexins in the tubers. The factor is not toxic until it is activated by pulmonary microsomal enzymes.
lung fluke
see paragonimus.
lung hilus
that part of the lung that is not covered by pleura and through which blood vessels, bronchi, nerves and lymphatics enter and leave the lung.
lung lobe torsion
occurs uncommonly in dogs and cats, most often of the right middle lobe. May occur spontaneously, following trauma, or in association with pleural effusion. Impaired venous return causes engorgement and rapid necrosis. Clinical signs include coughing and hemoptysis.
lung meridian points
acupuncture points on the lung meridian.
lung mites
lung perforation
may cause lung hemorrhage, emphysema, hemothorax or pneumothorax, or any combination of these conditions.
lung puller
appliance for pulling the pluck, the heart and lungs on the trachea, out of the thorax at the abattoir.
lung puncture
see lung perforation (above).
lung Qi deficiency
in acupuncture terminology is a deficiency of Qi or energy in the lungs manifested by recurrent illness, weak cough, rapid shallow respiration, dry cracked muzzle.
lung reflexes
hering-breuer reflexes.
lung resonance
resonant sound achieved on percussion of the chest wall over normal lung.
shock lung
see shock lung.
lung sounds absent
breath sounds audible on auscultation over normal lung are absent over consolidated, neoplastic and collapsed lung.
stiff lung
one with decreased compliance.
total lung capacity
the sum of the potential air spaces in the bronchioles and the alveoli.
lung volume
see total lung capacity (above), volume.
total lung capacity
Lung physiology The total volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of maximum respiration. See Lung volumes. Cf Functional residual capacity, Vital capacity.
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