retrograde hernia

hernia /her·nia/ (her´ne-ah) [L.] protrusion of a portion of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening.her´nial

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abdominal hernia  one through the abdominal wall, either a congenital defect or a complication of pregnancy or a surgical incision.

Barth hernia  one between the serosa of the abdominal wall and that of a persistent vitelline duct.

Béclard's hernia  femoral hernia at the saphenous opening.

Bochdalek hernia  congenital diaphragmatic hernia through the pleuroperitoneal hiatus.

cerebral hernia  protrusion of brain substance through the cranium.

Cloquet's hernia  pectineal h.

complete hernia  one in which the sac and its contents have passed through the hernial orifice.

congenital diaphragmatic hernia  one due to failure of a foramen in the fetal diaphragm to close when the infant is born; abdominal viscera in the thoracic cavity may cause fatal respiratory failure.

diaphragmatic hernia  hernia through the diaphragm.

diverticular hernia  protrusion of a congenital diverticulum of the intestine.

epigastric hernia  a hernia through the linea alba above the navel.

extrasaccular hernia  sliding h.

fat hernia  hernial protrusion of peritoneal fat through the abdominal wall.

femoral hernia  protrusion of a loop of intestine into the femoral canal.

gastroesophageal hernia  paraesophageal h.

Hesselbach's hernia  femoral hernia with a pouch through the cribriform fascia.

hiatal hernia , hiatus hernia protrusion of any structure through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm.

Holthouse's hernia  an inguinal hernia that has turned outward into the groin.

incarcerated hernia  a hernia so occluded that it cannot be returned by manipulation; it may or may not be strangulated.

incisional hernia  one through an old abdominal incision.

inguinal hernia  hernia into the inguinal canal.

intermuscular hernia , interparietal hernia an interstitial hernia lying between one or another of the fascial or muscular planes of the abdomen.

interstitial hernia  one in which a knuckle of intestine lies between two layers of the abdominal wall.

intra-abdominal hernia  congenital malpositioning of the intestine within the abdomen, with a portion of it protruding through a defect in the peritoneum or being trapped in a sac of peritoneum.

ischiatic hernia  sciatic h.

labial hernia  one into a labium majus.

mesocolic hernia  paraduodenal h.

obturator hernia  one protruding through the obturator foramen.

omental hernia  an abdominal hernia containing omentum.

ovarian hernia  hernial protrusion of an ovary.

paraduodenal hernia  an intra-abdominal hernia in which the small intestine rotates incompletely during development and becomes trapped in the mesentery of the colon.

paraesophageal hernia  hiatal hernia in which the esophagogastric junction is in place and a small or large part of the stomach protrudes into the thorax.

pectineal hernia  a femoral hernia that enters the femoral canal and then perforates the aponeurosis of the pectineus muscle.

perineal hernia  herniation of intestine into the perineum through a fissure in the levator muscle and its fascia.

preperitoneal hernia , properitoneal hernia an interstitial hernia lying between the parietal peritoneum and the transverse fascia.

reducible hernia  one that can be returned by manipulation.

retrograde hernia  herniation of two loops of intestine, with the part between them being within the abdominal wall.

Richter's hernia  incarcerated or strangulated hernia in which only part of the circumference of the bowel wall is involved.

sciatic hernia  herniation of intestine through the greater or lesser sciatic foramen.

scrotal hernia  inguinal hernia that has passed into the scrotum.

sliding hernia  hernia of the cecum (on the right) or the sigmoid colon (on the left) in which the intestinal wall forms part of the hernial sac and the rest of the sac is formed by parietal peritoneum.

sliding hiatal hernia  hiatal hernia with the upper stomach and the esophagogastric junction protruding into the posterior mediastinum; the protrusion may be fixed or intermittent and is partially covered by a peritoneal sac.

strangulated hernia  incarcerated hernia so tightly constricted as to compromise the blood supply of the hernial sac, leading to gangrene of the sac and its contents.

synovial hernia  protrusion of the inner lining membrane through the fibrous membrane of an articular capsule.

umbilical hernia  an abdominal hernia with intestine inside the umbilicus and the body wall defect and protruding intestine covered by skin and subcutaneous tissue.

hernia u´teri inguina´lis  see persistent müllerian duct syndrome, under syndrome.

vaginal hernia  vaginocele; a hernia into the vagina.

ventral hernia  abdominal h.

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retrograde hernia

n.

A hernia of two loops of intestine, with the portion of intestine between the loops lying in the abdominal cavity.