pyloric antrum

antrum /an·trum/ (an´trum) pl. an´tra, antrums   [L.] a cavity or chamber.an´tral

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cardiac antrum  the short conical portion of the esophagus below the diaphragm, its base being continuous with the cardiac orifice of the stomach.

frontal antrum  see under sinus.

antrum of Highmore  maxillary sinus.

mastoid antrum , antrum mastoi´deum an air space in the mastoid portion of the temporal bone communicating with the tympanic cavity and the mastoid cells.

antrum maxilla´re , maxillary antrum maxillary sinus.

pyloric antrum , antrum pylo´ricum the dilated portion of the pyloric part of the stomach, between the body of the stomach and the pyloric canal.

Pyloric antrum (antrum pyloricum).

tympanic antrum , antrum tympa´nicum mastoid a.

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pyloric antrum

n.

The bulging part of the lower end of the stomach between the body of the stomach and the pyloric canal.

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pyloric antrum,

that part of the stomach between the pyloric canal and the body of the stomach.

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pyloric

pertaining to the pylorus or to the pyloric part of the stomach.

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antral pyloric hypertrophy syndrome

a narrowing of the pyloric antrum caused by hypertrophy of the circular smooth muscle and mucosa; occurs most commonly in dogs of small breeds. Obstruction to gastric emptying causes chronic vomiting.

pyloric antrum

the part of the stomach cavity just cranial to the pylorus.

pyloric dysfunction

the usual effect is to delay gastric emptying. See pyloric achalasia, pyloric obstruction (below).

pyloric gastropathy

chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy.

pyloric gland

situated in the pyloric region of the stomach and secreting gastrin and mucus. The secretion is slightly alkaline.

pyloric obstruction

may be functional due to spasm or achalasia, or physical due to foreign body, e.g. phytobezoar, or external compression by, e.g. lipoma or fat necrosis or tumor or cicatrical contraction. Clinical signs are vomiting, distress due to gastric dilatation, possibly visible abdominal enlargement. In ruminants gross distention of abdomen, rumen contents running from nose, scant feces. In dogs and cats delayed gastric emptying usually causes vomiting, sometimes characteristically projectile, of undigested food.

pyloric outflow failure

achalasia of the pylorus with obstruction to the flow of ingesta into the intestine; impaction of material in the abomasum follows; pyloric ulcer a common sequel.

pyloric spasm

see pyloric achalasia (above).

pyloric stenosis, congenital pyloric hypertrophy

usually a congenital lesion in dogs, particularly the brachycephalic breeds, that causes vomiting and poor growth from weaning age. Occasionally hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter may be acquired.