plasma cell leukemia

leukemia /leu·ke·mia/ (loo-ke´me-ah) a progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow.leuke´mic

---

acute leukemia  leukemia in which the involved cell line shows little or no differentiation, usually consisting of blast cells; it comprises two types, acute lymphocytic leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia.

acute granulocytic leukemia  acute myelogenous l.

acute lymphoblastic leukemia  (ALL) one of the two major categories of acute leukemia, characterized by anemia, fatigue, weight loss, easy bruising, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia with bacterial infections, bone pain, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and sometimes spread to the central nervous system. It is subclassified on the basis of the surface antigens expressed, e.g., B-cell type, T-cell type.

acute lymphocytic leukemia  acute lymphoblastic l.

acute megakaryoblastic leukemia , acute megakaryocytic leukemia a form of acute myelogenous leukemia in which megakaryocytes are predominant and platelets are increased in the blood.

acute monocytic leukemia  an uncommon form of acute myelogenous leukemia in which the predominating cells are monocytes.

acute myeloblastic leukemia 

1. a common type of acute myelogenous leukemia in which myeloblasts predominate; it is divided into two types on the basis of degree of cell differentiation.

2. acute myelogenous l.

acute myelocytic leukemia  acute myelogenous l.

acute myelogenous leukemia  (AML) one of the two major categories of acute leukemia, with symptoms including anemia, fatigue, weight loss, easy bruising, thrombocytopenia, and granulocytopenia.

acute myeloid leukemia 

1. acute myeloblastic l. (1).

2. acute myelogenous l.

acute myelomonocytic leukemia  a common type of acute myelogenous leukemia, with both malignant monocytes and monoblasts.

acute nonlymphocytic leukemia  acute myelogenous l.

acute promyelocytic leukemia  acute myelogenous leukemia in which more than half the cells are malignant promyelocytes.

acute undifferentiated leukemia  (AUL) acute myelogenous leukemia in which the predominating cell is so immature it cannot be classified.

adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma  (ATL) an adult-onset, subacute or chronic malignancy of mature T lymphocytes, believed to be caused by human lymphotropic virus type I.

aleukemic leukemia  a form in which the total white blood cell count in the peripheral blood is not elevated; it may be lymphocytic, monocytic, or myelogenous.

basophilic leukemia  leukemia in which the basophilic leukocytes predominate.

chronic leukemia  leukemia in which the involved cell line is well differentiated, usually B lymphocytes, but immunologically incompetent.

chronic granulocytic leukemia  chronic leukemia of the myelogenous type, usually associated with a specific chromosomal abnormality and occurring in adulthood.

chronic lymphocytic leukemia  (CLL) chronic leukemia of the lymphoblastic type, characterized by lymphadenopathy, fatigue, renal involvement, and pulmonary leukemic infiltrates.

chronic myelocytic leukemia , chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia chronic granulocytic l.

chronic myelomonocytic leukemia  a chronic, slowly progressing form characterized by malignant monocytes and myeloblasts, splenomegaly, and thrombocytopenia.

leukemia cu´tis  a cutaneous manifestation of leukemia resulting from infiltration of the skin by malignant leukocytes.

eosinophilic leukemia  a form in which eosinophils are the predominating cells.

granulocytic leukemia  myelogenous l.

hairy cell leukemia  chronic leukemia marked by splenomegaly and an abundance of large, mononuclear abnormal cells with numerous irregular cytoplasmic projections that give them a flagellated or hairy appearance in the bone marrow, spleen, liver, and peripheral blood.

histiocytic leukemia  acute monocytic l.

lymphatic leukemia , lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphocytic leukemia a form associated with hyperplasia and overactivity of the lymphoid tissue, with increased levels of circulating malignant lymphocytes or lymphoblasts.

lymphogenous leukemia , lymphoid leukemia lymphatic l.

lymphosarcoma cell leukemia  (B-cell type) acute lymphoblastic l.

mast cell leukemia  a rare form marked by overwhelming numbers of tissue mast cells in the peripheral blood.

megakaryoblastic leukemia  acute megakaryocytic l.

megakaryocytic leukemia 

1. acute megakaryocytic l.

2. hemorrhagic thrombocythemia.

micromyeloblastic leukemia  a form of myelogenous leukemia in which the immature nucleoli-containing cells are small and similar to lymphocytes.

monocytic leukemia  acute monocytic l.

myeloblastic leukemia 

1. myelogenous l.

2. acute myeloblastic l.

myelocytic leukemia , myelogenous leukemia, myeloid granulocytic leukemia a form arising from myeloid tissue in which the granular polymorphonuclear leukocytes and their precursors predominate. See also acute myelogenous l. and chronic granulocytic l.

myelomonocytic leukemia  acute myelomonocytic l.

plasma cell leukemia , plasmacytic leukemia a form in which the predominating cell in the peripheral blood is the plasma cell.

promyelocytic leukemia  acute promyelocytic l.

Rieder cell leukemia  a form of acute myelogenous leukemia in which the blood contains asynchronously developed cells with immature cytoplasm and a lobulated, relatively more mature nucleus.

stem cell leukemia  acute undifferentiated l.

---

plasma cell leukemia

n.

A disease characterized by leukocytosis and other symptoms suggestive of leukemia and associated with diffuse infiltration and aggregation of plasma cells in the spleen, liver, bone marrow, and lymph nodes and by significant numbers of plasma cells in the blood.

---

plasma cell leukemia,

an unusual neoplasm of blood-forming tissues in which the predominant cells are plasmacytes. The disease may develop with multiple myeloma or arise independently. Bence Jones proteinuria, abnormal serum globulins, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly are usual in plasma cell leukemia. In most cases plasma cell leukemia is fatal, but some patients respond to treatment with alkylating agents and glucocorticoids.

---

plasma cell leukemia

A neoplastic ↑ in circulating PCs Pathologic criteria Nuclear vacuolization, monotonous sheets of cells, > 20% WBCs must be PCs or the absolute number of PCs in the peripheral blood must be > 2 ✕  109/L–US: > 2000/mm3 Clinical Most PCLs are advanced when diagnosed, with massive tissue infiltration and BM replacement at the time of diagnosis, and a poor prognosis DiffDx Reactive plasmacytosis, which may be associated with agranulocytosis, burns, chronic granulomatous disease, collagen vascular disease, exanthematous lesions, hypersensitivity reactions, non-malignant liver disease, nonmyelomatous malignancy, sarcoidosis, syphilis, subacute bacterial infection, streptococcal sepsis, typhoid, viral infection–especially infectious mononucleosis