peroneal muscular atrophy

peroneal muscular atrophy

n.

A hereditary form of muscular atrophy characterized by progressive wasting of the distal muscles of the extremities, usually affecting the legs before the arms. Also called Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

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peroneal muscular atrophy,

symmetric weakening or atrophy of the foot and the ankle muscles and hammer toes. This disease is a dominantly inherited condition that occurs in a hypertrophic neuropathy form or in a neuronal form. The hypertrophic neuropathy form results in demyelination of nerve fibers and characteristic onion bulb formations. Affected individuals usually have high plantar arches and an awkward gait caused by weak ankle muscles. In the neuronal form this condition usually starts in the second decade of life and causes muscle weaknesses similar to those associated with the hypertrophic neuronal form. Both forms of the disease may also involve mild sensory loss in the lower limbs. Affected individuals may be helped by corrective surgery and leg braces that stabilize weak ankle joints.

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atrophy [at´ro-fe]

1. decrease in size of a normally developed organ or tissue; see also wasting.

2. to undergo or cause such a decrease. adj., adj atroph´ic.

acute yellow atrophy massive hepatic necrosis.

circumscribed cerebral atrophy pick's disease.

disuse atrophy atrophy of a tissue or organ as a result of inactivity or diminished function.

gyrate atrophy of choroid and retina a rare hereditary, slowly progressive atrophy of the choroid and pigment epithelium of the retina; inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.

juvenile spinal muscular atrophy Kugelberg-Welander syndrome.

Leber's optic atrophy Leber's optic neuropathy.

lobar atrophy pick's disease.

myelopathic muscular atrophy muscular atrophy due to lesion of the spinal cord, as in spinal muscular atrophy.

olivopontocerebellar atrophy any of a group of progressive hereditary disorders involving degeneration of the cerebellar cortex, middle peduncles, ventral pontine surface, and olivary nuclei. They occur in the young to middle-aged and are characterized by ataxia, dysarthria, and tremors similar to those of parkinsonism.

peroneal atrophy (peroneal muscular atrophy) progressive neuromuscular atrophy.

progressive neuromuscular atrophy hereditary muscular atrophy beginning in the muscles supplied by the fibular (peroneal) nerves, progressing slowly to involve the muscles of the hands and arms. Called also peroneal or peroneal muscular atrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.

senile atrophy the natural atrophy of tissues and organs occurring with advancing age.

spinal muscular atrophy progressive degeneration of the motor cells of the spinal cord, beginning usually in the small muscles of the hands, but in some cases (scapulohumeral type) in the upper arm and shoulder muscles, and progressing slowly to the leg muscles. Called also Aran-Duchenne disease, Cruveilhier's disease, and Duchenne's disease.

subacute yellow atrophy submassive necrosis of the liver associated with broad zones of necrosis, due to viral, toxic, or drug-induced hepatitis; it may have an acute course with death from liver failure occurring after several weeks, or clinical recovery may be associated with regeneration of the parenchymal cells.