neuromuscular

neuromuscular /neu·ro·mus·cu·lar/ (-mus´ku-ler) pertaining to nerves and muscles, or to the relationship between them.

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neu·ro·mus·cu·lar (nr-msky-lr)

adj.

1. Of, relating to, or affecting both nerves and muscles.

2. Having the characteristics of both nervous and muscular tissue.

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Neuromuscular

Relating to nerve and muscle or their interaction.

Mentioned in: Life Support, Stress Reduction

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neuromuscular

[noo͡r′ōmus′kyoo͡lər]

Etymology: Gk, neuron + L, musculus, muscle

pertaining to the nerves and the muscles.

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neuromuscular (nerˈ·ō·musˑ·ky·ler),

adj term describing the feedback loop of interactions between the nervous system and muscular system.

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neuromuscular

pertaining to nerve terminations in muscles.

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neuromuscular blockade

deliberate paralysis of the motor end-plates; important in veterinary surgery for immobilization. It is effected by the use of competitive (non-depolarizing) agents such as d-tubocurarine, and depolarizing agents such as succinylcholine.

neuromuscular blocking agents

drugs capable of producing neuromuscular blockade (above).

neuromuscular junction

the point of junction of a nerve fiber with the muscle that it innervates. It includes an area of folded sarcolemma of the muscle fiber, and an axon terminal located in the folds and containing vesicles of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Called also myoneural junction.

neuromuscular junction disease

examples are tick paralysis, botulism, myasthenia gravis.

neuromuscular paralysis

paralysis caused by malfunction at the neuromuscular junction, e.g. after administration of a neuromuscular blocking agent. The paralysis may be flaccid or spastic.

phase-II neuromuscular block

alteration of the end-plate threshold to depolarization by acetylcholine following prolonged use of a depolarization agent such as succinylcholine.

neuromuscular spindle

consists of muscle fiber, afferent and efferent nerve endings and connective tissue; maintains muscle tone via stretch reflex mediated through two neurons at spinal cord level.

neuromuscular transmission

release of acetylcholine from the nerve ending and activation of the receptors in the muscle end-plate.

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paraneoplastic syndrome

Oncology A co-morbid condition due to the indirect–remote or 'biologic' effects of malignancy, which may be the first sign of a neoplasm or its recurrence; PSs occur in > 15% of CAs, are caused by hormones, growth factors, biological response modifiers, and other as-yet unidentified factors, and may regress with treatment of the primary tumor. See Ectopic hormone.

Paraneoplastic syndromes

GI tract, eg anorexia, vomiting, protein-losing enteropathy, liver disease

Hematologic, eg leukemoid reaction, reactive eosinophilia, peripheral 'cytoses or 'cytopenias, hemolysis, DIC, thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis migrans

Hormonal effects

Metabolic disease, eg lactic acidosis, hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, hyperamylasemia, hyperlipidemia

Neuromuscular, eg peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, CNS, spinal cord degeneration, inflammation

Renal, eg nephrotic syndrome, uric acid nephropathy

Skin, eg bullous mucocutaneous lesions, acquired ichthyosis, acanthosis nigricans, dermatomyositis

Others, eg callus formation, hypertension, and amyloidosis