myelophthisic anemia - definition of myelophthisic anemia in the Medical dictionary - by the Free Online Medical Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia.

myelophthisic anemia

[mī′əlofthiz′ik]

Etymology: Gk, myelos + phthisis, wasting

a disorder characterized by anemia and the appearance of immature granulocytes and nucleated erythroid elements in the peripheral blood. Also called myelopathic anemia. Compare hemolytic anemia, leukoerythroblastic anemia.

anemia (

nē´mē

n a term indicating that the concentration of hemoglobin or the number of red blood cells is below the accepted normal value with respect to age and gender. In true anemia the total concentration of hemoglobin, or the total number of erythrocytes, is below normal regardless of concentration values. Symptoms, which may not be evident, include weakness, pallor, anorexia, and those related to the cause of the anemia.

anemia, Addison-Biermer,

n.pr See anemia, pernicious.

anemia, aplastic,

n a type characterized by a decrease in all marrow elements, including platelets, red blood cells, and granulocytes.

anemia, Biermer's,

n.pr See anemia, pernicious.

anemia, Cooley's,

n.pr See thalassemia major.

anemia, displacement,

n See anemia, myelophthisic.

anemia, erythroblastic,

n See thalassemia major.

anemia, hemolytic,

n a type characterized by an increased rate of destruction of red blood cells, reticulocytosis, hyperbilirubinemia, and/or increased urinary and fecal urobilinogen, and, generally, splenic enlargement. Hereditary ones include congenital hemolytic jaundice, sickle cell anemia, oval cell anemia, and thalassemia. Included are paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and those caused by immune mechanisms (erythroblastosis fetalis), transfusions of incompatible blood, infections, drugs, and poisons. Autoimmune ones are acquired hemolytic anemias associated with antibody-like substances that may not be true autoantibodies or even antibodies; they may be primary (idiopathic), or they may be secondary to lymphoma, lymphatic leukemia, disseminated lupus erythematosus, or sensitization to drugs and pollens.

anemia, hemorrhagic

n a type due to deficiency in red blood cells and/or hemoglobin resulting from excessive bleeding.

anemia, hyperchromic,

n a type in which the erythrocytes are larger than normal so that the content but not the concentration of hemoglobin is increased.

anemia, hypochromic,

n a type caused by impaired hemoglobin synthesis resulting from a deficiency of iron or pyridoxine and from chronic lead poisoning.

anemia, iron deficiency,

n a type resulting from a deficiency of iron, characterized by hypochromic microcytic erythrocytes and a normoblastic reaction of the bone marrow. Iron deficiency may result from an increased demand during growth or re-peated pregnancies; chronic or recurrent hemorrhage such as from menstrual abnormalities, hemorrhoids, or peptic ulcer; a low intake of iron; or impaired absorption, as often occurs with chronic diarrhea.

anemia, macrocytic normochromic

n a type related to a failure of nucleoprotein synthesis caused by a deficiency of vitamin B₁₂, folic acid, or related substances.

anemia, Mediterranean,

n See thalassemia major.

anemia, megaloblastic,

n a type characterized by hyperplastic bone marrow changes and maturation arrest resulting from a dietary deficiency, impaired absorption, impaired storage and modification, or impaired use of one or more hematopoietic factors. Included are pernicious anemia, nutritional macrocytic anemias associated with gastrointestinal disturbances, anemias associated with impaired liver function (e.g., macrocytic anemia of pregnancy), hypothyroidism, leukemia, and achrestic anemia.

anemia, microcytic hypochromic,

n a type in which the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) content, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) are all low (e.g., iron deficiency anemia, hereditary leptocytosis, hemoglobin C anemia, and anemias resulting from pyridoxine deficiency and chronic lead poisoning).

anemia, myelophthisic

n (displacement anemia), a type resulting from displacement or crowding out of erythropoietic cells of the bone marrow by foreign tissue, as in leukemia, metastatic carcinoma, lymphoblastoma, multiple myeloma, osteoradionecrosis, and xanthomatosis.

anemia, normocytic normochromic

n a type associated with disturbances of red cell formation and related to endocrine deficiencies, chronic inflammation, and carcinomatosis.

anemia, nutritional macrocytic,

n macrocytic normochromic type occurring as a result of a deficiency of substances necessary for deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis; e.g., vitamin B₁₂ and folic acid deficiency may result from a lack of intrinsic factors, sprue, or regional enteritis or with chronic alcoholism, as a result of a diet deficient in meats and vegetables, and in diseases causing intestinal malabsorption.

anemia, oval cell,

n See elliptocytosis.

anemia, pernicious

n (Addison-Biermer anemia), a macrocytic normochromic (megaloblastic) type associated with achlorhydria and lack of a gastric intrinsic factor necessary for the binding and absorption of vitamin B₁₂, which is an erythrocyte maturing factor. In addition to hematologic findings, atrophic glossitis and gastrointestinal and nervous disorders occur.

Pernicious anemia.

anemia, physiologic,

n a type characterized by lowered blood values resulting from an increase in plasma volume that occurs most markedly during the sixth and seventh months of pregnancy.

anemia, sickle cell,

n (drepanocythemia, sicklemia), a hereditary hemolytic type in which the presence of an abnormal hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) results in distorted, sickle-shaped erythrocytes. Manifestations include episodic crises of muscle, joint, and abdominal pain; neurologic symptoms; and leg ulcers. Sickle cell anemia occurs almost exclusively in African Americans. See also trait, sickle cell.

anemia, spherocytic

n See jaundice, congenital hemolytic.

myelophthisic

pertaining to or emanating from myelophthisis.

myelophthisic anemia

see myelopathic anemia.

myelophthisic anemia

Hematology A form of anemia due to a significant loss of BM or compromise of BM architecture with depressed cell production; most commonly due to space-occupying lesions–eg, metastastic infiltration of the BM from 1º cancers of lung, breast, etc, MA is characterized by ↓ in all 3 blood cell lines and appearance of immature RBCs and WBCs in peripheral circulation, due to irritation. See Space-occupying lesion.