Mycobacterium /My·co·bac·te·ri·um/ (-bak-tēr´e-um) a genus of gram-positive, acid-fast bacteria (family Mycobacteriaceae), including M. a´vium-intracellula´re, a complex that causes opportunistic infections in patients with HIV infection, M. bal´nei (M. mari´num), the cause of swimming pool granuloma; M. bo´vis, the cause of cattle tuberculosis, transmitted to humans through milk; M. kansa´sii, the cause of a tuberculosis-like disease; M. le´prae, the cause of leprosy; and M. tuberculo´sis (the tubercle bacillus), the cause of tuberculosis, usually of the lungs.
mycobacterium /my·co·bac·te·ri·um/ (mi″ko-bak-tēr´e-um) pl. mycobacte´ria an individual organism of the genus Mycobacterium.
Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium [mi″ko-bak-tēr´e-um]
mycobacterium [mi″ko-bak-tē″re-um] (L.)
Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium
mycobacterium /my·co·bac·te·ri·um/ (mi″ko-bak-tēr´e-um) pl. mycobacte´ria an individual organism of the genus Mycobacterium.
anonymous mycobacteria , atypical mycobacteria nontuberculous mycobacteria.
Group I–IV mycobacteria see nontuberculous mycobacteria.
nontuberculous mycobacteria mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis or M. bovis ; they are divided into four groups, I–IV, on the basis of several physical characteristics.
| Mycobacterium n. A genus of aerobic, nonmotile bacteria containing gram-positive rods and including both parasitic and saprophytic species. |
my·co·bac·te·ri·um (m  k -b k-tîr  - m)n. Any of various slender rod-shaped aerobic bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium, which includes the bacteria that cause tuberculosis and leprosy. |
Mycobacterium
[mī′kōbaktir′ē·əm]
Etymology: Gk, mykes + bakterion, small rod
a genus of rod-shaped acid-fast bacteria having two significant pathogenic species: Mycobacterium leprae, which causes leprosy, and M. tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis. M. avium complex or M. avium-intracellulare disseminated infection may occur in AIDS and cause cervical adenitis in children and pulmonary disease in immunodeficient patients.
Mycobacterium [mi″ko-bak-tēr´e-um]
a genus of gram-positive, aerobic, acid-fast bacteria, occurring as slightly curved or straight rods. It contains many species, including the highly pathogenic organisms that cause tuberculosis (M. tuberculo´sis) and leprosy (M. lep´rae). M. a´vium causes tuberculosis in birds and pigs and pulmonary disease in humans. M. bo´vis is the bovine tubercle bacillus and can cause tuberculosis in humans who drink infected milk (strict testing of cattle makes this uncommon in developed countries); an attenuated strain is used to prepare BCG vaccine. M. chelo´nae is an opportunistic pathogen that causes synovial lesions, gluteal abscesses, and gross lesions in various organs. M. fortu´itum causes lesions of the lung, bone, or soft tissue following trauma. M. haemo´philum causes skin lesions. M. ho´minis is a common inhabitant of the vagina and cervix and causes infections of the male and female reproductive tracts, as well as respiratory disease and pharyngitis. M. intracellula´re occasionally causes chronic pulmonary disease in adults and lymph node infection in children. M. kansa´sii causes a tuberculosis-like disease. M. mari´num (also known as M. bal´nei) is the agent of swimming pool granuloma.
mycobacterium [mi″ko-bak-tē″re-um] (L.)
1. an individual organism of the genus Mycobacterium.
2. a slender, acid-fast microorganism resembling the bacillus that causes tuberculosis.
nontuberculous mycobacteria mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis or M. bovis, consisting of nonpathogens and pathogens causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients and infections in otherwise normal individuals.
Mycobacterium
(mī´kōbakter´ē
m),
n a genus of rod-shaped, acid-fast bacteria.
m), n a genus of rod-shaped, acid-fast bacteria.
Mycobacterium
the only genus in the family Mycobacteriaceae of bacteria; slender acid-fast rods which may be straight or slightly curved. They may produce filaments or cocci. The most serious disease caused by members of this genus is tuberculosis. M. fortuitum, M. chelonea, M. marinum are listed as causes of piscine tuberculosis. Other species, including M. aquae, M. kansasii and M. scrofulaceum, may occasionally cause disease in a number of different species.
Mycobacterium avium
found mostly in birds but occasionally also in other animals and in humans. The tubercle bacillus of birds, it causes avian tuberculosis.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
causes Johne's disease in cattle, sheep, goats, deer and camelids. Previously called M. johnei and M. paratuberculosis.
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
complex see M. intracellulare (below).
Mycobacterium bovis
the tubercle bacillus of the bovine, it causes tuberculosis in many animal species and humans.
Mycobacterium chelonei, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium phlei, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium thermoresistible
cause disease in a number of animal species, including mastitis in cattle and cutaneous mycobacterial granuloma in cats and dogs. See also opportunist (atypical) mycobacteria.
Mycobacterium farcinogenes, Mycobacterium senegalense
associated with bovine farcy.
Mycobacterium genovense
causes mycobacteriosis in birds.
Mycobacterium intracellulare
found in tuberculin-positive cattle and causes limited lymph node lesions in pigs. Closely related to M. avium and also described as M. avium-intracellulare complex.
Mycobacterium johnei
see M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (above).
Mycobacterium kansasii
causes tuberculosis-like disease in pigs, deer and cattle.
Mycobacterium leprae
the cause of leprosy in humans.
Mycobacterium lepraemurium
causes murine and feline leprosy.
Mycobacterium marinum
found in water, it causes tuberculosis in fish and skin ulcers in humans.
Mycobacterium microti
the vole bacillus; lesions sometimes occur in other species.
Mycobacterium paratuberculosis
previously called M. johnei. See M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (above).
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
the tubercle bacillus of humans, but found also in monkeys and pigs, and rarely in cattle, dogs and parrots.
Mycobacterium ulcerans
causes skin ulcers in humans and cats.
Mycobacterium xenopi
causes mycobacterial granuloma in cats and lymph node lesions in pigs.
Mycobacterium
A genus of obligate aerobic bacteria, family Mycobacteriaceae, order Actinomycetales; all are capable of producing the typical chronic inflammation, Langhans' giant cells and caseating necrosis, and are indistinguishable
by acid-fast staining–due to the high lipid concentration in the outer cell wall; skin is the usual portal of entry for non-TB mycobacteria. See Acid-fast stain, Atypical mycobacteria, Buruli ulcer, Langhans' giant cells, MOTT, Nontuberculous mycobacteria, Prosector's wart, Runyon classification, Scrofula, Tuberculosis.
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