mitral stenosis

stenosis /ste·no·sis/ (stĕ-no´sis) pl. steno´ses   [Gr.] stricture; an abnormal narrowing or contraction of a duct or canal.

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aortic stenosis  (AS) a narrowing of the aortic orifice of the heart or of the aorta near the valve.

hypertrophic pyloric stenosis  narrowing of the pyloric canal due to muscular hypertrophy and mucosal edema, usually in infants.

hypertrophic subaortic stenosis , idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) a form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in which the left ventricle is hypertrophied and the cavity is small; it is marked by obstruction to left ventricular outflow.

infantile hypertrophic gastric stenosis  congenital hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the musculature of the pyloric sphincter, leading to partial obstruction of the gastric outlet.

mitral stenosis  a narrowing of the left atrioventricular orifice.

pulmonary stenosis  (PS) narrowing of the opening between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle, usually at the level of the valve leaflets.

pyloric stenosis  obstruction of the pyloric orifice of the stomach; it may be congenital or acquired.

renal artery stenosis  narrowing of one or both renal arteries, so that renal function is impaired, resulting in renal hypertension and, if stenosis is bilateral, chronic renal failure.

subaortic stenosis  aortic stenosis due to an obstructive lesion in the left ventricle below the aortic valve, causing a pressure gradient across the obstruction within the ventricle.

tricuspid stenosis  (TS) narrowing or stricture of the tricuspid orifice of the heart.

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mitral stenosis

n. Abbr. MS

A narrowing of the mitral valve usually caused by rheumatic fever and resulting in an obstruction to the flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle.

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Mitral stenosis

Narrowing or constricting of the mitral valve, which separates the left atrium from the left ventricle.

Mentioned in: Pulmonary Edema

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mitral stenosis.

See mitral valve stenosis.

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stenosis

narrowing or contraction of a body passage or opening. See also specific anatomical sites.

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aortic stenosis

obstruction to the outflow of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta. May be due to an anomaly of the valves (valvular), an obstruction in the ascending aorta (supravalvular), or an obstruction in the left ventricular outflow tract (subvalvular). See also aortic subvalvular stenosis, aortic valvular disease.

esophageal stenosis

a common cause of esophageal obstruction, caused commonly by esophageal trauma; congenital stenosis often associated with tracheoesophageal fistula.

left atrioventricular stenosis

see mitral stenosis (below), valvular stenosis.

mesonephric duct stenosis

occurs as stenosis of the ductus deferens or epididymis; may be associated with renal aplasia.

mitral stenosis

a narrowing of the left atrioventricular orifice. See also mitral commissurotomy.

nasopharyngeal stenosis

an acquired disorder in cats, usually following chronic upper respiratory infection, which causes upper airway obstruction with mucopurulent nasal discharge and a wheezing respiration, which is relieved with open mouth breathing.

paramesonephric duct stenosis

focal defects in the duct lead to segmental aplasia or stenosis of the uterine tube or horn.

pulmonary artery stenosis

the commonest cardiac defect in dogs; it is a narrowing of the pulmonary outflow tract and may occur in any one of a number of common sites including infundibular, valvular and subvalvular.

rectovaginal stenosis

see rectovaginal constriction.

right atrioventricular stenosis

see tricuspid stenosis (below).

subepiglottic stenosis

has the effect of reducing air flow into and out of the lungs.

tricuspid stenosis

narrowing or stricture of the tricuspid orifice of the heart.

valvular stenosis

see aortic, pulmonary, atrioventricular.

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mitral stenosis

Mitral valve obstruction Cardiology A sequela of rheumatic heart disease, primarily affecting ♀ and more common in developing nations Clinical Left-sided heart failure–DOE, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; less commonly, hemoptysis, hoarseness, signs of right-sided heart failure; Sx may be triggered by A Fib, pregnancy or other stress–eg, RTI, endocarditis or other heart disease Examination Diastolic rumble after opening snap; S₁ is usually load, because the mitral valve remains open by a transient gradient until closed by the systolic force; pulmonary HTN is indicated by a loud P₂, right ventricular lift, ↑ neck veins, ascites, edema Workup Doppler echocardiography–↓ valve diameter, severity of stenosis Management Medical therapy in asymptomatic Pts–antibiotics for endocarditis; mild Sx–diuretics; with A Fib, digoxin, beta-blocker, or CCB; moderate Sx–balloon valvotomy if calcification not excessive, otherwise, valve repair or replacement. See Mitral valve.