artery (redirected from metatarsal arteries, dorsal)

artery /ar˙te˙ry/ (ahr&stress;t&ebreve;-re) a vessel in which blood flows away from the heart, in the systemic circulation carrying oxygenated blood. arte&stress;rial, adj.

Representation of arterial coats: (A), tunica intima; (B), internal elastic lamina; (C), tunica media; (D), external elastic lamina; (E), tunica externa.

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accompanying artery of median nerve  median a.

accompanying artery of sciatic nerve  sciatic a.

alveolar arteries, anterior superior  origin, infraorbital artery; branches, dental and peridental rami; distribution, incisors and canine regions of upper jaw, maxillary sinus.

alveolar artery, inferior  origin, maxillary artery; branches, dental, peridental, mental, and mylohyoid rami; distribution, lower jaw, lower lip, and chin.

alveolar artery, posterior superior  origin, maxillary artery; branches, dental and peridental rami; distribution, molar and premolar regions of upper jaw, maxillary sinus.

angular artery  origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, lacrimal sac, lower eyelid, nose.

appendicular artery  origin, ileocolic artery; branches, none; distribution, vermiform appendix.

arcuate artery of foot  origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, deep plantar branch and dorsal metatarsal artery; distribution, foot, toes.

arcuate arteries of kidney  origin, interlobar artery; branches, interlobular artery and straight arterioles of kidney; distribution, parenchyma of kidney.

auditory artery, internal  artery of labyrinth.

auricular artery, deep  origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, skin of auditory canal, tympanic membrane, temporomandibular joint.

auricular artery, posterior  origin, external carotid; branches, auricular and occipital rami, stylomastoid artery; distribution, middle ear, mastoid cells, auricle, parotid gland, digastric and other muscles.

axillary artery  origin, continuation of subclavian artery; branches, subscapular rami, and superior thoracic, thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular, and anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries; distribution, upper limb, axilla, chest, shoulder.

basilar artery  origin, from junction of right and left vertebral arteries; branches, pontine branches, and anterior inferior cerebellar, labyrinthine, superior cerebellar, and posterior cerebral arteries; distribution, brainstem, internal ear, cerebellum, posterior cerebrum.

brachial artery  origin, continuation of axillary artery; branches, superficial brachial, deep brachial, nutrient of humerus, superior ulnar collateral, inferior ulnar collateral, radial, and ulnar arteries; distribution, shoulder, arm, forearm, hand.

brachial artery, deep  origin, brachial artery; branches, deltoid ramus, nutrient artery, medial and radial collateral arteries; distribution, humerus, muscles and skin of arm.

brachial artery, superficial  an occasional vessel that arises from high bifurcation of the brachial artery and assumes a more superficial course than usual.

brachiocephalic artery  brachiocephalic trunk.

buccal artery  origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, buccinator muscle, mucous membrane of mouth.

bulbourethral artery  a. of bulb of penis.

artery of bulb of penis  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, bulbourethral gland, bulb of penis.

artery of bulb of vestibule  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, bulb of vestibule of vagina, greater vestibular glands.

callosomarginal artery  origin, postcommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, anteromedial frontal, mediomedial frontal, posteromedial frontal, and cingular branches; distribution, medial and superolateral surfaces of cerebral hemisphere.

capsular arteries  capsular branches of renal artery: branches that supply the renal capsule.

caroticotympanic arteries  branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery that supply the tympanic cavity.

carotid artery, common  origin, brachiocephalic trunk (right), aortic arch (left); branches, external and internal carotids; distribution, see external and internal carotid arteries.

carotid artery, external  origin, common carotid; branches, superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, sternocleidomastoid, occipital, posterior auricular, superficial temporal, maxillary; distribution, neck, face, skull.

carotid artery, internal  origin, common carotid; branches, caroticotympanic, ophthalmic, posterior communicating, anterior choroid, anterior cerebral, and middle cerebral arteries; distribution, middle ear, brain, pituitary gland, orbit, choroid plexus. It is divided into four parts: cervical, petrous, cavernous, and cerebral.

caudal artery  median sacral artery.

cecal artery, anterior  origin, ileocolic; branches, none; distribution, cecum.

cecal artery, posterior  origin, ileocolic; branches, none; distribution, cecum.

central arteries, anterolateral  origin, sphenoidal part of middle cerebral artery; branches; two sets of branches, medial and lateral; distribution, anterior lenticular and caudate nuclei and internal capsule of brain.

central arteries, anteromedial, of anterior cerebral artery  origin, precommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior and medial corpus striatum.

central arteries, anteromedial, of anterior communicating artery  origin, anterior communicating artery; branches, none; distribution, corpus callosum, septum pellucidum, lentiform and caudate nuclei.

central artery, long  a branch of the precommunical part of the anterior cerebral artery.

central arteries, posteromedial, of posterior cerebral artery  origin, precommunical part of posterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior thalamus, lateral wall of third ventricle, and globus pallidus of lentiform nucleus.

central arteries, posteromedial, of posterior communicating artery  origin, posterior communicating artery; branches, none; distribution, medial thalamic surface and walls of third ventricle.

central artery, short  a branch from the precommunical part of the anterior cerebral artery.

central artery of retina  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, retina.

artery of central sulcus  origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of central sulcus.

cerebellar artery, anterior inferior  origin, basilar artery; branches, posterior, spinal (usually) and labyrinthine (usually) arteries; distribution, anteroinferior part of cerebellum, lower and lateral parts of pons and sometimes upper part of medulla oblongata.

cerebellar artery, posterior inferior  origin, vertebral artery; branches, medial and lateral; distribution, lower cerebellum, medulla, choroid plexus of fourth ventricle.

cerebellar artery, superior  origin, basilar artery; branches, none; distribution, upper cerebellum, midbrain, pineal body, choroid plexus of third ventricle.

cerebral arteries  the arteries supplying the cerebral hemispheres, derived from the internal carotid artery (anterior choroid, anterior cerebral, middle cerebral, and posterior communicating arteries and the circle of Willis) or from the basilar artery (posterior cerebral artery).

cerebral artery, anterior  origin, internal carotid artery; branches (precommunical part) anteromedial central arteries, long and short central arteries, anterior communicating artery, and (postcommunical part) medial frontobasal, callosomarginal (anteromedial, inferomedial, posteromedial, and cingular branches), paracentral, precuneal, and parietooccipital arteries; distribution, orbital, frontal, and parietal cortex, corpus callosum, diencephalon, corpus striatum, internal capsule, and choroid plexus of lateral ventricle.

cerebral artery, middle  origin, internal carotid; branches sphenoidal part: anterolateral central artery (with medial and lateral branches); insular part: insular artery, lateral frontobasal artery, and anterior, intermediate, and posterior temporal arteries; terminal or cortical part: arteries of central, precentral, and postcentral sulcus, anterior and posterior parietal arteries, artery of angular gyri; distribution, orbital, frontal, parietal, and temporal cortex, corpus striatum, internal capsule.

cerebral artery, posterior  origin, terminal bifurcation of basilar artery; branches (precommunical part) posteromedial central arteries, (postcommunical part) posterolateral central arteries, and thalamic, medial and lateral posterior choroidal, and peduncular branches, and (terminal, or cortical, part) lateral occipital artery (anterior, medial intermediate and posterior temporal branches) and medial occipital artery (dorsal corpus callosum, parietal, parieto-occipital, calcarine, and occipitotemporal branches); distribution, occipital and temporal cortex, diencephalon, midbrain, choroid plexus of lateral and third ventricles, and visual area of cerebral cortex and other structures associated with the visual pathway.

cervical artery, ascending  origin, inferior thyroid artery; branches, spinal rami; distribution, muscles of neck, vertebrae, vertebral canal.

cervical artery, deep  origin, costocervical trunk; branches, none; distribution, deep neck muscles.

cervical artery, transverse  origin, subclavian artery; branches, deep and superficial rami; distribution, root of neck, muscles of scapula.

choroidal artery, anterior  origin, internal carotid or middle cerebral artery; branches, many small branches; distribution, interior of brain, including choroid plexus of lateral ventricle and adjacent parts.

ciliary arteries, anterior  origin, ophthalmic and lacrimal arteries; branches, episcleral and anterior conjunctival arteries; distribution, iris, conjunctiva.

ciliary arteries, long posterior  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, iris, ciliary process.

ciliary arteries, short posterior  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, choroid coat of eye.

circumflex artery  a branch that curves around to the back of the left ventricle in the coronary sulcus, supplying the left ventricle and left atrium.

circumflex femoral artery, lateral   origin, deep femoral artery; branches, ascending, descending, and transverse branches; distribution, hip joint, thigh muscles.

circumflex femoral artery, medial  origin, deep femoral artery; branches, deep, superficial, ascending, transverse, and acetabular branches; distribution, hip joint, thigh muscles.

circumflex humeral artery, anterior  origin, axillary artery; branches, none; distribution, shoulder joint and head of humerus, long tendon of biceps, tendon of pectoralis major muscle.

circumflex humeral artery, posterior  origin, axillary artery; branches; none; distribution, deltoideus, shoulder joint, teres minor and triceps muscles.

circumflex iliac artery, deep  origin, external iliac artery; branches, ascending branches; distribution, iliac region, abdominal wall, groin.

circumflex iliac artery, superficial  origin, femoral artery; branches, none; distribution, groin, abdominal wall.

circumflex artery of scapula  origin, subscapular artery; branches, none; distribution, inferolateral muscles of the scapula.

coccygeal artery  median sacral artery.

colic artery, accessory superior  middle colic artery.

colic artery, inferior right  ileocolic artery.

colic artery, left  origin, inferior mesenteric; branches, none; distribution, descending colon.

colic artery, middle  origin, superior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, transverse colon.

colic artery, right  origin, superior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, ascending colon.

collateral artery, inferior ulnar  origin, brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, arm muscles at back of elbow.

collateral artery, middle  origin, deep brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, triceps muscle, elbow joint.

collateral artery, radial  origin, deep brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, brachioradial and brachial muscles.

collateral artery, superior ulnar  origin, brachial artery; branches, none; distribution, elbow joint, triceps muscle.

communicating artery, anterior  origin, precommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, establishes connection between the anterior cerebral arteries.

communicating artery, posterior  establishes connection between internal carotid and posterior cerebral arteries; branches, to the optic chiasm, oculomotor nerve, thalamus, hypothalamus, and tail of caudate nucleus.

conducting arteries  arterial trunks characterized by large size and elasticity, such as the aorta, subclavian artery, common carotid artery, brachiocephalic trunk, and pulmonary trunk.

conjunctival arteries, anterior  origin, anterior ciliary; branches, none; distribution, conjunctiva.

conjunctival arteries, posterior  origin, medial palpebral artery; branches, none; distribution, lacrimal caruncle, conjunctiva.

corkscrew arteries  small arteries in the macular region of the eye that appear markedly tortuous.

coronary artery, left  origin, left aortic sinus; branches, anterior interventricular and circumflex rami; distribution, left ventricle, left atrium.

coronary artery, left anterior descending  the branch of the left coronary artery that runs to the apex of the heart in the anterior interventricular sulcus, supplying the ventricles and most of the interventricular septum.

coronary artery, posterior descending  a branch running toward the apex of the heart in the posterior interventricular sulcus, supplying the diaphragmatic surface of the ventricles and part of the interventricular septum.

coronary artery, right  origin, right aortic sinus; branches, conus artery and atrial, atrioventricular node, intermediate atrial, posterior interventricular right marginal, and sinoatrial node rami; distribution, right ventricle, right atrium.

cortical radiate arteries  interlobular a's of kidney.

cremasteric artery  origin, inferior epigastric; branches, none; distribution, cremaster muscle, coverings of spermatic cord.

cystic artery  origin, right branch of proper hepatic artery; branches, none; distribution, gallbladder.

deep artery of clitoris  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, clitoris.

deep artery of penis  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, corpus cavernosum penis.

deferential artery  artery of ductus deferens.

deltoid artery 

1. a branch of the deep brachial artery, distributed to the brachialis and deltoid muscles, and anastomosing with the posterior circumflex humeral artery.

2. a branch of the thoracoacromial artery, descending with the cephalic vein and helping to supply the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles.

dental arteries  see alveolar a's.

digital arteries, collateral  proper palmar digital arteries.

digital arteries, common palmar  origin, superficial palmar arch; branches, proper palmar digital arteries; distribution, fingers.

digital arteries, common plantar  origin, plantar metatarsal arteries; branches, proper plantar digital arteries; distribution, toes.

digital arteries, common volar  common palmar digital arteries.

digital arteries, proper palmar  origin, common palmar digital arteries; branches, none; distribution, fingers.

digital arteries, proper plantar  origin, common plantar digital arteries; branches, none; distribution, toes.

digital arteries, proper volar  proper palmar digital arteries.

digital arteries of foot, common  plantar metatarsal arteries.

digital arteries of foot, dorsal  origin, dorsal metatarsal arteries; branches, none; distribution, dorsum of toes.

digital arteries of hand, dorsal  origin, dorsal metacarpal arteries; branches, none; distribution, dorsum of fingers.

distributing arteries  most of the arteries except the conducting arteries; of muscular type, they extend from the large vessels to the arterioles.

dorsal artery of clitoris  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, clitoris.

dorsal artery of foot  origin, continuation of anterior tibial; branches, lateral and medial tarsal, arcuate, and deep plantar arteries; distribution, foot, toes.

dorsal artery of nose  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, lacrimal; distribution, dorsum of nose.

dorsal artery of penis  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, glans, corona, prepuce of penis.

dorsalis pedis artery  dorsal a. of foot

artery of ductus deferens  origin, umbilical artery; branches, ureteral artery; distribution, ureter, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, testes.

elastic arteries  conducting a's.

end artery  one which undergoes progressive branching without development of channels connecting with other arteries, so that if occluded it cannot supply sufficient blood to the tissue depending on it.

epigastric artery, inferior  origin, external iliac; branches, pubic branch, cremasteric a., a. of round ligament of uterus; distribution, abdominal wall.

epigastric artery, superficial  origin, femoral; branches, none; distribution, abdominal wall, groin.

epigastric artery, superior  origin, internal thoracic artery; branches, none; distribution, abdominal wall, diaphragm.

episcleral arteries  origin, anterior ciliary artery; branches, none; distribution, iris, ciliary processes.

ethmoidal artery, anterior  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, anterior meningeal, anterior septal, and anterior lateral nasal rami; distribution, dura mater, nose, frontal sinus, anterior ethmoidal cells.

ethmoidal artery, posterior  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, posterior ethmoidal cells, dura mater, nose.

facial artery  origin, external carotid; branches, ascending palatine, tonsillar, submental, inferior labial, superior labial, septal, lateral nasal, angular, glandular; distribution, face, tonsil, palate, submandibular gland.

facial artery, transverse  origin, superficial temporal artery; branches, none; distribution, parotid region.

fallopian artery  uterine a.

femoral artery  origin, continuation of external iliac; branches, superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, external pudendal, deep femoral, descending genicular; distribution, lower abdominal wall, external genitalia, lower extremity.

femoral artery, deep  origin, femoral artery; branches, medial and lateral circumflex arteries of thigh, perforating arteries; distribution, thigh muscles, hip joint, gluteal muscles, femur.

fibular artery  peroneal a.

frontal artery  supratrochlear a.

frontobasal artery, lateral  origin, insular part of middle cerebral artery: branches, none; distribution, cortex of lateroinferior frontal lobe.

frontobasal artery, medial  origin, postcommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of medioinferior frontal lobe.

funicular artery  testicular a.

gastric artery, left  origin, celiac; branches, esophageal; distribution, esophagus, lesser curvature of stomach.

gastric artery, posterior  origin, splenic artery; branches, none; distribution, posterior gastric wall.

gastric artery, right  origin, common hepatic artery; branches, none; distribution, lesser curvature of stomach.

gastric arteries, short  origin, splenic; branches, none; distribution, upper part of stomach.

gastroduodenal artery  origin, common hepatic artery; branches, supraduodenal and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries; distribution, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, greater omentum.

gastroepiploic artery, left  left gastroomental a.

gastroepiploic artery, right  right gastroomental a.

gastroomental artery, left  origin, splenic artery; branches, gastric, omental; distribution, stomach, greater omentum.

gastroomental artery, right  origin, gastroduodenal artery; branches, gastric, omental; distribution, stomach, greater omentum.

genicular artery, descending  origin, femoral artery; branches, saphenous, articular; distribution, knee joint, upper and medial leg.

genicular artery, lateral inferior  origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint.

genicular artery, lateral superior  origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint, femur, patella, contiguous muscles.

genicular artery, medial inferior  origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint.

genicular artery, medial superior  origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint, femur, patella, contiguous muscles.

genicular artery, middle  origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, knee joint, cruciate ligaments, patellar synovial and alar folds.

gluteal artery, inferior  origin, internal iliac; branches, sciatic; distribution, buttock, back of thigh.

gluteal artery, superior  origin, internal iliac artery; branches, superficial and deep branches; distribution, buttocks.

gonadal arteries  the ovarian arteries or the testicular arteries.

helicine arteries 

1. small arteries that for their entire length have a band of thickened intima on one side, in which longitudinal muscle fibers are embedded. They follow a convoluted or curled course and open directly into cavernous sinuses instead of capillaries; they play a dominant role in erection of erectile tissue.

2. (of penis): helicine arteries arising from the vessels of the penis, whose engorgement causes erection of the organ.

3. (of uterus): the exceedingly tortuous terminal branches of the uterine artery in the uterine muscle.

hemorrhoidal arteries  rectal a's.

hepatic artery, common  origin, celiac trunk; branches, right gastric, gastroduodenal, proper hepatic a's; distribution, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, greater omentum.

hepatic artery, proper  origin, common hepatic artery; branches, right and left branches; distribution, liver, gallbladder.

hyaloid artery  hyaloid artery: a fetal vessel that continues forward from the central artery of retina through the vitreous body to supply the lens; it normally is not present after birth.

hypogastric artery  internal iliac artery.

hypophysial artery, inferior  inferior hypophysial artery: a small branch from the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery that supplies the pituitary gland.

hypophysial artery, superior  a small branch from the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery that supplies the pituitary gland.

ileal arteries  origin, superior mesenteric; branches, none; distribution, ileum.

ileocolic artery  origin, superior mesenteric; branches, anterior and posterior cecal and appendicular arteries and colic (ascending) and ileal rami; distribution, ileum, cecum, vermiform appendix, ascending colon.

iliac artery, common  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, internal and external iliac; distribution, pelvis, abdominal wall, lower limb.

iliac artery, external  origin, common iliac; branches, inferior epigastric, deep circumflex iliac; distribution, abdominal wall, external genitalia, lower limb.

iliac artery, internal  origin, continuation of common iliac; branches, iliolumbar, obturator, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, umbilical, inferior vesical, uterine, middle rectal, and internal pudendal arteries; distribution, wall and viscera of pelvis, buttock, reproductive organs, medial aspect of thigh.

iliolumbar artery  origin, internal iliac; branches, iliac and lumbar branches, lateral sacral a's; distribution, pelvic muscles and bones, fifth lumbar segment, sacrum.

infraorbital artery  origin, maxillary artery; branches, anterior superior alveolar; distribution, maxilla, maxillary sinus, upper teeth, lower eyelid, cheek, nose.

innominate artery  brachiocephalic trunk.

insular arteries  origin, insular part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of insula.

intercostal artery, first posterior  origin, highest intercostal artery; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, upper thoracic wall.

intercostal artery, highest  origin, costocervical trunk; branches, first and second posterior intercostal arteries; distribution, upper thoracic wall.

intercostal arteries, posterior  (III–XI): origin, thoracic aorta; branches, dorsal, spinal, lateral and medial cutaneous, collateral, and lateral mammary; distribution, thoracic wall.

intercostal artery, second posterior  origin, highest intercostal artery; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, upper thoracic wall.

interlobar arteries of kidney  origin, lobar branches of segmental arteries; branches, arcuate arteries; distribution, parenchyma of kidney.

interlobular arteries of kidney  arteries originating from the arcuate arteries of the kidney and distributed to the renal glomeruli.

interlobular arteries of liver  interlobular arteries of liver: arteries originating from the right or left branch of the proper hepatic artery, forming a plexus outside each hepatic lobule and supplying the walls of the interlobular veins and the accompanying bile ducts.

interosseous artery, anterior  origin, posterior or common interosseous artery; branches, median artery; distribution, deep parts of front of forearm.

interosseous artery, common  origin, ulnar artery; branches, anterior and posterior interosseous arteries; distribution, antecubital fossa.

interosseous artery, posterior  origin, common interosseous artery; branches, recurrent interosseous; distribution, deep parts of back of forearm.

interosseous artery, recurrent  origin, posterior interosseous or common interosseous artery; branches, none; distribution, back of elbow joint.

intestinal arteries  the arteries arising from the superior mesenteric, and supplying the intestines, including the pancreaticoduodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, and colic arteries.

intrarenal arteries  the arteries within the kidney, including the interlobar, arcuate, and interlobular (cortical radiate) arteries, and the arteriolae rectae.

jejunal arteries  origin, superior mesenteric; branches, none; distribution, jejunum.

arteries of kidney  intrarenal a's.

labial artery, inferior  origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, lower lip.

labial artery, superior  origin, facial artery; branches, septal and alar; distribution, upper lip, nose.

labyrinthine artery  origin, basilar or anterior inferior cerebellar artery; branches, vestibular and cochlear rami; distribution, through the internal acoustic meatus to the inner ear.

lacrimal artery  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, lateral palpebral arteries and recurrent meningeal; distribution, lacrimal gland, upper and lower eyelids, conjunctiva.

laryngeal artery, inferior  origin, inferior thyroid artery; branches, none; distribution, larynx, trachea, esophagus.

laryngeal artery, superior  origin, superior thyroid artery; branches, none; distribution, larynx.

lingual artery  origin, external carotid; branches, suprahyoid, sublingual, dorsal lingual, deep lingual; distribution, tongue, sublingual gland, tonsil, epiglottis.

lingual artery, deep  origin, lingual artery; branches, none; distribution, tongue.

lingular artery  a branch of the left pulmonary artery to the superior lobe of the left lung, consisting almost entirely of the superior and inferior lingular arteries and supplying the lingular segments.

lingular artery, inferior  a branch of the lingular artery, supplying the inferior lingular segment of the superior lobe of the left lung.

lingular artery, superior  a branch of the lingular artery, supplying the superior lingular segment of the superior lobe of the left lung.

lobar arteries, inferior  the branches of each pulmonary artery that supply the inferior lobe of the corresponding lung, consisting of the superior, anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal, and posterior basal segmental arteries.

lobar artery, middle  the branch of the right pulmonary artery that carries blood to the middle lobe of the right lung, giving rise to the lateral and medial segmental arteries.

lobar arteries, superior  the branches of each pulmonary artery that carry blood to the superior lobe of the corresponding lung, consisting of the apical, anterior, and posterior segmental arteries.

lumbar arteries  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, posterior abdominal wall, renal capsule.

lumbar arteries, lowest  origin, median sacral; branches, none; distribution, sacrum, gluteus maximus muscle.

malleolar artery, lateral anterior  origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, ankle joint.

malleolar artery, medial anterior  origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, ankle joint.

mammary artery, external  lateral thoracic a.

mammary artery, internal  internal thoracic a.

mandibular artery  inferior alveolar a.

marginal artery of colon  a continuous vessel running along the inner perimeter of the large intestine from the ileocolic junction to the rectum, formed by branches from the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and giving rise to straight arteries that supply the intestinal wall.

masseteric artery  origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, masseter muscle.

maxillary artery  origin, external carotid artery; branches, pterygoid rami, and deep auricular, anterior tympanic, inferior alveolar, middle meningeal, masseteric, deep temporal, buccal, posterior superior alveolar, infraorbital, descending palatine, sphenopalatine, and the artery of the pterygoid canal; distribution, both jaws, teeth, muscles of mastication, ear, meninges, nose, paranasal sinuses, palate.

maxillary artery, external  facial a.

maxillary artery, internal  maxillary a.

median artery  origin, anterior interosseous a.; branches, none; distribution, median nerve, muscles of front of forearm.

meningeal artery, middle  origin, maxillary artery; branches, frontal, parietal, and lacrimal anastomotic, accessory meningeal, and petrosal rami, and superior tympanic artery; distribution, cranial bones, dura mater.

meningeal artery, posterior  origin, ascending pharyngeal; branches, none; distribution, bones and dura mater of posterior cranial fossa.

mesencephalic arteries  origin, basilar artery; branches, none; distribution: cerebral peduncle.

mesenteric artery, inferior  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, left colic, sigmoid, and superior rectal arteries; distribution, descending colon, rectum.

mesenteric artery, superior  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, inferior pancreaticoduodenal, jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic arteries; distribution, small intestine, proximal half of colon.

metacarpal arteries, dorsal  origin, dorsal carpal rete and radial artery; branches, dorsal digital arteries; distribution, dorsum of fingers.

metacarpal arteries, palmar  origin, deep palmar arch; branches, none; distribution, deep parts of metacarpus.

metatarsal arteries, dorsal  origin, arcuate artery of foot; branches, dorsal digital arteries; distribution, dorsum of foot, including toes.

metatarsal arteries, plantar  origin, plantar arch; branches, perforating branches, common and proper plantar digital arteries; distribution, toes.

muscular arteries 

1. distributing a's.

2. branches of the ophthalmic artery consisting of a superior group and an inferior group; the inferior group gives origin to the anterior ciliary arteries.

musculophrenic artery  origin, internal thoracic artery; branches, none; distribution, diaphragm, abdominal and thoracic walls.

nasal arteries, posterior lateral  origin, sphenopalatine artery; branches, none; distribution, frontal, maxillary, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal sinuses.

nutrient artery  any artery that supplies the marrow of a long bone.

nutrient arteries of femur  origin, third perforating artery; branches, none; distribution, femur.

nutrient artery of fibula  origin, fibular artery; branches, none; distribution, fibula.

nutrient arteries of humerus  origin, brachial and deep brachial arteries; branches, none; distribution, humerus.

nutrient artery of tibia  origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, tibia.

obturator artery  origin, internal iliac; branches, pubic, acetabular, anterior, and posterior branches; distribution, pelvic muscles, hip joint.

obturator artery, accessory  a name given to the obturator artery when it arises from the inferior epigastric instead of the internal iliac artery.

occipital artery  origin, external carotid; branches, auricular, meningeal, mastoid, descending, occipital, and sternocleidomastoid rami; distribution, muscles of neck and scalp, meninges, mastoid cells.

occipital artery, lateral  origin, terminal, or cortical, part of posterior cerebral artery; branches, lateral occipital artery and anterior temporal, middle intermediate temporal and posterior temporal branches; distribution, anterior, medial, intermediate, and posterior parts of temporal lobe.

occipital artery, middle  origin, terminal, or cortical, part of posterior cerebral artery; branches, dorsal corpus callosum, parietal, parieto-occipital, calcarine, and occipitotemporal branches; distribution, dorsum of corpus callosum, precuneus, cuneus, lingual gyrus, and posterior part of lateral surface of occipital lobe.

ophthalmic artery  origin, internal carotid; branches, lacrimal, supraorbital, central artery of retina, ciliary, posterior and anterior ethmoidal, palpebral, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal; distribution, eye, orbit, adjacent facial structures.

ovarian artery  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, ureteral, tubal; distribution, ureter, ovary, uterine tube.

palatine artery, ascending  origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, soft palate, wall of pharynx, tonsil, auditory tube.

palatine artery, descending  origin, maxillary artery; branches, greater and lesser palatine arteries; distribution, soft palate, hard palate, tonsil.

palatine artery, greater  origin, descending palatine; branches, none; distribution, hard palate.

palatine arteries, lesser  origin, descending palatine; branches, none; distribution, soft palate, tonsil.

palpebral arteries, lateral  origin, lacrimal artery; branches, none; distribution, eyelids, conjunctiva.

palpebral arteries, medial  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, posterior conjunctival; distribution, eyelids.

pancreatic artery, caudal  origin, splenic artery; branches and distribution, supplies branches to tail of pancreas, and accessory spleen (if present).

pancreatic artery, dorsal  origin, splenic artery; branches, inferior pancreatic artery; distribution, neck and body of pancreas.

pancreatic artery, great  origin, splenic artery; branches and distribution, right and left branches anastomose with other pancreatic arteries.

pancreatic artery, inferior  origin, dorsal pancreatic; branches, none; distribution, body and tail of pancreas.

pancreaticoduodenal artery, anterior superior  origin, gastroduodenal artery; branches, pancreatic and duodenal; distribution, pancreas and duodenum.

pancreaticoduodenal arteries, inferior  origin, superior mesenteric artery; branches, anterior, posterior; distribution, pancreas, duodenum.

pancreaticoduodenal artery, posterior superior  origin, gastroduodenal artery; branches, pancreatic and duodenal; distribution, pancreas, duodenum.

paracentral artery  origin, postcommunical part of anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cerebral cortex and medial central sulcus.

parietal artery, anterior  origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior parietal lobe.

parietal artery, posterior  origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, posterior parietal lobe.

perforating arteries  origin, branches (usually three) of the deep femoral artery that perforate the insertion of the adductor magnus to reach the back of the thigh; branches, nutrient arteries; distribution, adductor, hamstring, and gluteal muscles, and femur.

perforating radiate arteries  small arteries that are continuations of the interlobular arteries of kidney and perforate the renal capsule.

pericardiacophrenic artery  origin, internal thoracic artery; branches, none; distribution, pericardium, diaphragm, pleura. Called also superior phrenic artery.

perineal artery  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, perineum, skin of external genitalia.

peroneal artery  origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, perforating, communicating, calcaneal, and lateral and medial malleolar branches, and calcaneal rete; distribution, outside and back of ankle, deep calf muscles.

pharyngeal artery, ascending  origin, external carotid; branches, posterior meningeal, pharyngeal, and inferior tympanic; distribution, pharynx, soft palate, ear, meninges.

phrenic artery, great  inferior phrenic a.

phrenic artery, inferior  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, superior suprarenal; distribution, diaphragm, suprarenal gland.

phrenic artery, superior  origin, thoracic aorta; branches, none; distribution, upper surface of vertebral portion of diaphragm.

plantar artery, deep  origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, none; distribution, sole of foot to help form plantar arch.

plantar artery, lateral  origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, plantar arch, and plantar metatarsal arteries; distribution, sole of foot and toes.

plantar artery, medial  origin, posterior tibial artery; branches, deep and superficial branches; distribution, sole of the foot and toes.

pontine arteries  origin, basilar artery; branches, none; distribution, pons and adjacent areas of brain.

popliteal artery  origin, continuation of femoral artery; branches, lateral and medial superior genicular, middle genicular, sural, lateral and medial inferior genicular, anterior and posterior tibial arteries, and the genicular articular and the patellar rete; distribution, knee, calf.

artery of postcentral sulcus  origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of postcentral sulcus.

artery of precentral sulcus  origin, terminal part of middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex on either side of precentral sulcus.

precuneal artery  origin, postcommunical part of the anterior cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, inferior precuneus.

prepancreatic artery  an arterial arch between the neck and uncinate process of the pancreas, formed by the right branch of the dorsal ramus of the splenic artery and a branch from the anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery.

princeps pollicis artery , principal artery of thumb origin, radial artery; branches, radial of index finger; distribution, each side and palmar aspect of thumb.

artery of pterygoid canal  origin, maxillary artery; branches, pterygoid; distribution, roof of pharynx, auditory tube.

pudendal artery, deep external  origin, femoral artery; branches, anterior scrotal or anterior labial branches, inguinal branches; distribution, external genitalia, upper medial thigh.

pudendal artery, internal  origin, internal iliac artery; branches, posterior scrotal or posterior labial branches and inferior rectal, perineal, urethral arteries, artery of bulb of penis or vestibule, deep artery of penis or clitoris, dorsal artery of penis or clitoris; distribution, external genitalia, anal canal, perineum.

pudendal artery, superficial external  origin, femoral artery; branches, none; distribution, external genitalia.

pulmonary artery  pulmonary trunk.

pulmonary artery, left  origin, pulmonary trunk; branches, of superior lobe: apical, ascending and descending, posterior, lingular (inferior and superior), of inferior lobe: superior, anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal, posterior basal; distribution, left lung.

pulmonary artery, right  origin, pulmonary trunk; branches, of superior lobe: apical, anterior ascending and descending, posterior ascending and descending, of medial lobe: medial and lateral, of inferior lobe: anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal; posterior basal; distribution, right lung.

radial artery  origin, brachial artery; branches, palmar carpal, superficial palmar and dorsal carpal rami, recurrent radial artery, principal artery of thumb, deep palmar arch; distribution, forearm, wrist, hand.

radial artery, collateral  radial collateral a.

radial index artery , radial artery of index finger, radialis indicis artery origin, principal artery of thumb; branches, none; distribution, index finger.

radiate arteries of kidney  interlobular a's of kidney.

ranine artery  deep lingual a.

rectal artery, inferior  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, rectum, anal canal.

rectal artery, middle  origin, internal iliac artery; branches, vaginal; distribution, rectum, prostate, seminal vesicles, vagina.

rectal artery, superior  origin, inferior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, rectum.

recurrent artery, anterior tibial  origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, knee joint, contiguous fascia and skin.

recurrent artery, posterior tibial  origin, anterior tibial artery; branches, none; distribution, knee.

recurrent artery, radial  origin, radial artery; branches, none; distribution, brachioradialis, brachialis, elbow region.

renal artery 

1. origin, abdominal aorta; branches, ureteral branches, inferior suprarenal artery; distribution, kidney, suprarenal gland, ureter.

2. (pl.) intrarenal a's.

retroduodenal arteries  origin, first branch of gastroduodenal; branches, none; distribution, bile duct, duodenum, head of pancreas.

artery of round ligament of uterus  origin, inferior epigastric artery; branches, none; distribution, round ligament of uterus.

sacral arteries, lateral  origin, iliolumbar artery; branches, spinal branches; distribution, structures about coccyx and sacrum.

sacral artery, median  origin, continuation of abdominal aorta; branches, lowest lumbar artery; distribution, sacrum, coccyx, rectum.

scapular artery, dorsal 

1. origin, second or third part of subclavian artery, or may be the deep branch of transverse cervical artery; branches, none; distribution, rhomboid, latissimus dorsi, and trapezius muscles.

2. a branch that descends to supply medial and deep back muscles; sometimes replaced by an artery stemming directly from the subclavian artery.

scapular artery, transverse  suprascapular a.

sciatic artery  origin, inferior gluteal artery; branches, none; distribution, accompanies sciatic nerve.

segmental arteries of kidney  a group of arteries originating from the anterior or posterior branch of the renal artery, consisting of the anterior, anterior inferior, anterior superior, and posterior segmental arteries; each supplies the corresponding renal segment.

segmental arteries of left lung  branches of the left pulmonary artery that supply segments of the left lung; variable, but often including lingular arteries and anterior, apical, posterior, superior, anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal, and posterior basal segmental arteries, named for the segment supplied.

segmental arteries of liver  a group of arteries originating from the right or left branch of the proper hepatic artery, consisting of the anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral segmental arteries; each supplies the corresponding region of the liver.

segmental arteries of right lung  branches of the right pulmonary artery that supply segments of the right lung; variable, but often including anterior, apical, medial, lateral, posterior, superior, anterior basal, lateral basal, medial basal, and posterior basal segmental arteries, named for the segment supplied.

septal arteries, anterior  branches of the anterior interventricular branch of the left coronary artery that supply about the anterior two-thirds of the interventricular septum.

septal arteries, posterior  numerous relatively small branches of the posterior interventricular branch of the right coronary artery that supply about the posterior one-third of the interventricular septum.

sigmoid arteries  origin, inferior mesenteric artery; branches, none; distribution, sigmoid colon.

spermatic artery, external  cremasteric a.

sphenopalatine artery  origin, maxillary artery; branches, posterior lateral nasal artery and posterior septal branches; distribution, structures adjoining nasal cavity, nasopharynx.

spinal arteries  branches of the transverse part of the vertebral artery; they supply the spinal cord and its meninges, the vertebral bodies, and the intervertebral disks.

spinal artery, anterior  origin, intracranial part of vertebral artery; branches, none; distribution, spinal cord.

spinal artery, posterior  origin, posterior inferior cerebellar artery (usually); branches, none; distribution, spinal cord.

splenic artery  origin, celiac trunk; branches, pancreatic and splenic branches, prepancreatic, left gastroomental, and short gastric arteries; distribution, spleen, pancreas, stomach, greater omentum.

straight arteries of kidney  straight arterioles of kidney.

stylomastoid artery  origin, posterior auricular; branches, mastoid and stapedial branches, posterior tympanic artery; distribution, tympanic cavity walls, mastoid cells, stapedius muscle.

subclavian artery  origin, brachiocephalic trunk (right), arch of aorta (left); branches, vertebral, internal thoracic arteries, thyrocervical and costocervical trunks; distribution, neck, thoracic wall, spinal cord, brain, meninges, upper limb.

subcostal artery  origin, thoracic aorta; branches, dorsal and spinal branches; distribution, upper posterior abdominal wall.

sublingual artery  origin, lingual artery; branches, none; distribution, sublingual gland.

submental artery  origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, tissues under chin.

subscapular artery  origin, axillary artery; branches, thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular arteries; distribution, scapular and shoulder region.

superior artery of cerebellum  superior cerebellar a.

supraduodenal artery  origin, gastroduodenal; branches, duodenal; distribution, superior part of duodenum.

supraorbital artery  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, superficial, deep, diploic; distribution, forehead, upper muscles of orbit, upper eyelid, frontal sinus.

suprarenal artery, inferior  origin, renal artery; branches, none; distribution, suprarenal gland.

suprarenal artery, middle  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, none; distribution, suprarenal gland.

suprarenal arteries, superior  origin, inferior phrenic artery; branches, none; distribution, suprarenal gland.

suprascapular artery  origin, thyrocervical trunk; branches, acromial branch; distribution, clavicular, deltoid, and scapular regions.

supratrochlear artery  origin, ophthalmic artery; branches, none; distribution, anterior scalp.

sural arteries  origin, popliteal artery; branches, none; distribution, popliteal space, calf.

sylvian artery  middle cerebral a.

artery to tail of pancreas  caudal pancreatic a.

tarsal artery, lateral  origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, none; distribution, tarsus.

tarsal arteries, medial  origin, dorsal artery of foot; branches, none; distribution, side of foot.

temporal artery, anterior  origin, middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of anterior temporal lobe.

temporal artery, anterior deep  origin, maxillary artery; branches, to zygomatic bone and greater wing of sphenoid bone; distribution, temporal muscle, and anastomoses with middle temporal artery.

temporal artery, intermediate  middle temporal a. (def. 2).

temporal artery, middle 

1. origin, superficial temporal artery; branches, none; distribution temporal region.

2. origin, middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of temporal lobe between anterior and posterior arteries.

temporal artery, posterior  origin, middle cerebral artery; branches, none; distribution, cortex of posterior temporal lobe.

temporal artery, posterior deep  origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, temporal muscle, and anastomoses with middle temporal artery.

temporal artery, superficial  origin, external carotid; branches, parotid, auricular, and occipital branches, transverse facial, zygomaticoorbital, and middle temporal arteries; distribution, parotid and temporal regions.

terminal artery 

1. end a.

2. an artery that does not divide into branches, but is directly continuous with capillaries.

testicular artery  origin, abdominal aorta; branches, ureteral, epididymal; distribution, ureter, epididymis, testis.

thoracic artery, internal  origin, subclavian artery; branches, mediastinal, thymic, bronchial, tracheal, sternal, perforating, medial mammary, lateral costal, and anterior intercostal branches, pericardiacophrenic, musculophrenic, and superior epigastric arteries; distribution, anterior thoracic wall, mediastinal structures, diaphragm.

thoracic artery, lateral  origin, axillary artery; branches, mammary branches; distribution, pectoral muscles, mammary gland.

thoracic artery, superior  origin, axillary artery; branches, none; distribution, axillary aspect of chest wall.

thoracicoacromial artery  origin, axillary artery; branches, clavicular, pectoral, deltoid, acromial branches; distribution, deltoid, clavicular, and thoracic regions.

thoracodorsal artery  origin, subscapular artery; branches, none; distribution, subscapular and teres major and minor muscles.

thyroid artery, inferior  origin, thyrocervical trunk; branches, pharyngeal, esophageal, and tracheal branches, inferior laryngeal and ascending cervical arteries; distribution, thyroid gland and adjacent structures.

thyroid artery, lowest  origin, arch of aorta, brachiocephalic trunk, or right common carotid, internal mammary, subclavian, or inferior thyroid arteries; branches, none; distribution, thyroid gland.

thyroid artery, superior  origin, external carotid artery; branches, hyoid, sternocleidomastoid, superior laryngeal, cricothyroid, muscular, and anterior, posterior, and lateral glandular branches; distribution, thyroid gland and adjacent structures.

tibial artery, anterior  origin, popliteal artery; branches, posterior and anterior tibial recurrent, and lateral and medial anterior malleolar arteries, lateral and medial malleolar retes; distribution, leg, ankle, foot.

tibial artery, posterior  origin, popliteal artery; branches, fibular circumflex branch, fibular, medial plantar, and lateral plantar arteries; distribution, leg, foot.

transverse artery of face  transverse facial a.

transverse artery of neck  transverse cervical a.

tympanic artery, anterior  origin, maxillary artery; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

tympanic artery, inferior  origin, ascending pharyngeal; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

tympanic artery, posterior  origin, stylomastoid artery; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

tympanic artery, superior  origin, middle meningeal artery; branches, none; distribution, tympanic cavity.

ulnar artery  origin, brachial artery; branches, palmar carpal, dorsal carpal, and deep palmar branches, ulnar recurrent and common interosseous arteries, superficial palmar arch; distribution, forearm, wrist, hand.

ulnar collateral artery  see collateral a., inferior ulnar, and collateral a., superior ulnar.

umbilical artery  origin, internal iliac artery; branches, deferential, superior vesical arteries; distribution, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, testes, urinary bladder, ureter.

urethral artery  origin, internal pudendal artery; branches, none; distribution, urethra.

uterine artery  origin, internal iliac artery; branches, ovarian and tubal branches, vaginal artery; distribution, uterus, vagina, round ligament of uterus, uterine tube, ovary.

vaginal artery  origin, uterine artery; branches, none; distribution, vagina, fundus of bladder.

vertebral artery  divided into four parts: the first or prevertebral part, the second or atlantal part, the third or transverse part, and the fourth or intracranial part; origin, subclavian artery; branches, transverse part: spinal and muscular branches; intracranial part: anterior spinal artery, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery and its branches; distribution, muscles of neck, vertebrae, spinal cord, cerebellum, interior of cerebrum.

vesical artery, inferior  origin, internal iliac; branches, prostatic; distribution, bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, lower ureter.

vesical arteries, superior  origin, umbilical artery; branches, none; distribution, bladder, urachus, ureter.

zygomaticoorbital artery  origin, superficial temporal; branches, none; distribution, lateral side of orbit.

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ar·ter·y (ärt-r)

n.

Any of a branching system of muscular, elastic blood vessels that, except for the pulmonary and umbilical arteries, carry aerated blood away from the heart to the cells, tissues, and organs of the body.

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Artery

One of several tubular branches of muscular and elastic walled vessels that carry blood from the heart through the body.

Mentioned in: Aneurysmectomy, Embolism, Raynaud's Disease, Uterine Fibroid Embolization

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artery

[är′tərē]

Etymology: Gk, arteria, airpipe

one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. See also arterial wall, arteriole. Compare vein.

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artery,

n a blood vessel through which the blood passes away from the heart to the various structures. There are three layers: the inner coat (tunica intima), composed of an inner endothelial lining, connective tissue, and an outer layer of elastic tissue (inner elastic membrane); the middle coat (tunica media), composed mainly of muscle tissue; and the outer coat (tunica adventitia), composed mainly of connective tissue. The structure of the three layers varies with the location, size, and purpose of the blood vessel.

artery arthograms,

n.pl radiographs of a joint usually with the introduction of a contrast compound into the joint capsule. In dentistry, an arthogram usually involves the temporomandibular joint.

artery, large,

n an elastic artery with an abundant supply of elastic tissue and a great reduction of smooth muscle. The tunica intima is thick, and the endothelial cells are round or polygonal. The tunica media is the thickest of the three layers. It contains few smooth muscle fibers, and its outer border has a special concentration of elastic fibers–the external elastic membrane. The tunica adventitia is relatively thin and ill defined and is continuous with the loose connective tissue surrounding the vessel.

artery, lingual,

n the artery that branches off the external carotid artery and carries blood to the tissues superior to the hyoid bone, the tongue, and the inferior part of the oral cavity.

artery, medium-sized,

n most of the arteries in the body (e.g., facial, maxillary, radial, ulnar, and popliteal). Thick muscular bands are found in the tunica media. Thin elastic fibers course circularly in the tunica media and run longitudinally in the tunica adventitia. The tunica adventitia is as thick as the tunica media, and its outer layer gradually blends with the connective tissue that supports the artery and surrounding structures.

artery, mental,

n the mental branch of the inferior alveolar artery, running from the mandibular canal to the apical foramen of the teeth.

artery, posterior superior alveolar,

n the artery that originates from the maxillary artery; its branches supply the maxillary molars.

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artery

a vessel through which the blood passes away from the heart to the various parts of the body. The wall of an artery consists typically of an outer coat (tunica adventitia), a middle coat (tunica media), and an inner coat (tunica intima). For named arteries of the body, see Table 9. See also arterial.

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collateral artery

see collateral vessel. Horses have collateral radial and ulnar arteries (Table 9).

end artery

one that undergoes progressive branching without development of channels connecting with other arteries.

vitelline artery

artery to the yolk sac or the ovum of the hen egg.

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artery 

A tubular, elastic vessel which carries blood away from the heart. Its walls are thicker than those of veins in order to withstand the greater pressure of blood on the arterial side of the circulation.
anterior ciliary artery's See ciliary artery.
central retinal artery A branch of the ophthalmic artery entering the optic nerve some 6-12 mm from the eyeball. It enters the eye through the optic disc and divides into superior and inferior branches. Both these branches subdivide into nasal and temporal branches which course in the nerve fibre layer, supplying the capillaries feeding the bipolar and the ganglion cell layers of the retina (except for the foveola). The outer third of the retina containing the photoreceptors is supplied by the choriocapillaris. See temporal arteritis; retinal arterial occlusion; cherry-red spot; central retinal vein.
carotid artery See amaurosis fugax; internal carotid artery.
ciliary artery's Branches of the ophthalmic artery that supply the whole of the uveal tract, the sclera and the edge of the cornea with its neighbouring conjunctiva. The ophthalmic artery gives rise to one lateral and one medial posterior ciliary artery. The latter divides into the short and the long posterior ciliary arteries.The short posterior ciliary arteries are some 10-20 branches that pierce the eyeball in an irregular ring around the optic nerve to supply the posterior choroid, the optic disc, the circle of Zinn and the cilioretinal arteries. The long posterior ciliary arteries are two branches, which pierce the sclera between 3 and 4 mm from the optic nerve on either side and course in the suprachoroidal space (Fig. A19). They form, with the anterior ciliary arteries, the major arterial (or iridic) circle of the iris, which supplies the ciliary body, the anterior choroid and the iris. The anterior ciliary arteries are derived from the arteries to the four recti muscles and they anasto-mose in the ciliary muscle with the long posterior ciliary arteries to form the major arterial circle of the iris. They also give branches that supply the episclera (episcleral arteries), sclera, limbus and conjunctiva (anterior and posterior conjunctival arteries). See anastomosis; major arterial circle of the iris.
cilioretinal artery A small artery running from the temporal side of the optic disc to the macular area. It originates from the circle of Zinn and supplies the retina between the macula and the disc. This artery is present in only about a fifth, or less, of human eyes. If a patient possesses this artery central vision will be spared in case of occlusion of the central retinal artery. In some other eyes the cilioretinal artery supplies some other region of the retina. See circle of Zinn.
conjunctival artery's See ciliary arteries.
copper wire artery See arteriosclerosis.
hyaloid artery An artery that is present during the embryological period. It arises from the ophthalmic artery, runs forward from the optic disc to the lens where it spreads over the posterior lenticular surface as a capillary net which in turn anastomoses with a capillary net located on the anterior lens surface. Thus the lens becomes enveloped by an anastomosing vascular network called the tunica vasculosa lentis. The hyaloid artery also gives rise to a large number of branches, the vasa hyaloidea propria, which at times almost fills the vitreous cavity. The hyaloid artery degenerates by the eighth month of gestation to become the central retinal artery. See hyaloid canal; optic fissure; hyaloid remnant.
infraorbital artery A terminal branch of the internal maxillary artery which enters the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure and appears on the face via the infraorbital canal. It supplies the inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles, the lacrimal sac, the lower eyelid, the upper teeth and lip.
internal carotid artery A branch of the common carotid artery. The internal carotid artery gives rise to many branches and in particular the ophthalmic artery after it passes through the cavernous sinus. It terminates in the anterior and middle cerebral arteries (Fig. A19). See amaurosis fugax; circle of Willis; Hollenhorst's plaques.
lacrimal artery It arises from the ophthalmic artery to the outer side of the optic nerve. It supplies the lacrimal gland, the conjunctiva and eyelids, giving origin to the lateral palpebral arteries (Fig. A19).
ophthalmic artery Vessel arising from the internal carotid artery and which enters the orbit through the optic canal. It gives rise to numerous branches: (1) Central retinal artery. (2) Posterior ciliary arteries. (3) Lacrimal artery (and lateral palpebral and zygomatic branches). (4) Muscular branches. (5) Supraorbital artery. (6) Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries. (7) Recurrent meningeal artery. (8) Supratrochlear artery. (9) Medial palpebral arteries. (10) Dorsal nasal artery.Thus, the ophthalmic artery supplies all the tunics of the eyeball, most of the structures in the orbit, the lacrimal sac, the paranasal sinuses, and the nose (Fig. A19).
silver wire artery See arteriosclerosis.
supraorbital artery Branch of the ophthalmic artery which supplies the upper eyelid, the scalp and also sends branches to the levator palpebrae superioris muscle and the periorbita (Fig. A19).

Fig. A19 The ophthalmic artery and its branches

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Patient discussion about metatarsal arteries, dorsal.

Q. my mother have stem replacement for a coronary artery oclusion is already 2 years she physically deteriorating since surgery why???? please help she does not have energy

A. I agree with Dagmar. It can be most likely caused by another occlusion or re-occlusion inside the heart blood vessels. Since that is a life-threatening case, I strongly suggest you to bring your mother into a hospital (for complete check up), or just call your cardiologist to have first treatment.

Meanwhile, that will be better if you have emergency oxygen (just in case you'll need it) with you.

Q. how many 1. calories 2. good vs bad fat 3. protein does 1 cup of whole milk have compared to 1 cup of almonds?

A. Each almond has 7 calories. A cup of almonds has 680 calories, Total Fat: 60g, out of which 3.9g are Saturated Fat (=bad fat), Carbs: 24g, Protein: 24g.
1 cup of 2% milk has 130 calories, Total Fat: 5g, out of which 3g are Saturated Fat (=bad fat), Carbs: 13g, Protein: 8g.
Here is the nutrition value of different kinds of milk as well:
http://www.cassclay.com/milk_nut.html