magnesium (redirected from magnesium sulfate-chloral hydrate mixture)

magnesium /mag·ne·si·um/ (Mg) (mag-ne´ze-um) a chemical element, at. no. 12; its salts are essential in nutrition, being required for the activity of many enzymes, especially those concerned with oxidative phosphorylation. Various salts, including m. chloride, m. gluceptate, m. gluconate, and m. lactate are used as electrolyte replenishers.

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magnesium carbonate  an antacid.

magnesium chloride  an electrolyte replenisher and a pharmaceutic necessity for hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis fluids.

magnesium citrate  a saline laxative used for bowel evacuation before diagnostic procedures or surgery of the colon.

magnesium hydroxide  an antacid and laxative.

magnesium oxide  an antacid and laxative; also used as a preventative for hypomagnesemia and as a sorbent in pharmaceutical preparations.

magnesium salicylate  see salicylate.

magnesium silicate  MgSiO3, a silicate salt of magnesium; the most common hydrated forms found in nature are asbestos and talc.

magnesium sulfate  Epsom salt; an anticonvulsant and electrolyte replenisher, also used as a laxative and local antiinflammatory.

magnesium trisilicate  a compound of magnesium oxide and silicon dioxide with varying proportions of water; an antacid.

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mag·ne·si·um (mg-nz-m, -zhm)

n. Symbol Mg

A light metallic element that burns with a brilliant white flame, used in various analgesic, antiseptic, anticonvulsant, and antacid pharmaceuticals. Atomic number 12.

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magnesium (Mg)

[magnē′sē·əm, magnē′zhəm]

Etymology: Gr, magnesia; L, lodestone

a silver-white mineral element. Its atomic number is 12; its atomic mass is 24.32. Magnesium occurs abundantly in nature, always in combination with other elements. It is obtained chiefly by the electrolysis of fused salts containing magnesium chloride or by the thermal reduction of magnesia and is used in photography, metallurgy, and various pharmaceuticals such as magnesium sulfate. Magnesium is the second most abundant cation of the intracellular fluids in the body. It is essential for many enzyme activities and the interaction of intracellular particles and binding of macromolecules to subcellular organelles, such as the binding of messenger ribonucleic acid to ribosomes. It also is important to neurochemical transmissions and muscular excitability. The body of the average 145-pound adult contains about 2000 mEq of magnesium, about 50% of which is in the bones, 45% existing as intracellular cations, and about 5% in the extracellular fluid. Absorption of magnesium occurs in the upper small bowel by means of an active process closely related to the transport system for calcium. Magnesium is excreted mainly by the kidney. Renal excretion of magnesium increases during diuresis induced by ammonium chloride, glucose, and organic mercurials. Magnesium affects the central nervous, neuromuscular, and cardiovascular systems. Insufficient magnesium (hypomagnesemia) in extracellular fluid increases the release of acetylcholine and can cause changes in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Some of the conditions that can produce hypomagnesemia are diarrhea, steatorrhea, chronic alcoholism, and diabetes mellitus. Hypomagnesemia may occur in newborns and infants who are fed cow's milk or artificial formulas, apparently because of the high phosphate/magnesium ratio in such diets. Hypomagnesemia is often treated with parenteral fluids containing magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride. Excess magnesium (hypermagnesemia) in the body can slow the heartbeat, and concentrations greater than 15 mEq/L can produce cardiac arrest in diastole. Excess magnesium also causes vasodilation by direct effects on the blood vessels and by ganglionic blockade. Hypermagnesemia is usually caused by renal insufficiency and is manifested by hypotension, electrocardiographic changes, muscle weakness, sedation, and a confused mental state.

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magnesium,

n an element/mineral found in nuts, seeds, grains, and green vegetables that has been used in reducing noise-induced hearing loss and in treating coronary artery disease, painful menstruation, the symptoms of PMS, migraines, high blood pressure, autism and preeclampsia. Magnesium supplementation may also be needed in patients taking cisplatin, cyclosporin, or loop and thiazide diuretics. Caution is advised for children and patients taking sulfonylurea-based antidiabetic medi-cations or potassium-sparing diuretics.

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magnesium (Mg),

n an elemental metal with an atomic weight of 24.32. Magnesium is an essential nutritional substance. Deficiency produces irritability of the nervous system and trophic disturbances.

magnesium sulfate,

n a salt of magnesium; also called Epsom salts, used as a therapeutic bath and as a purgative.

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magnesium

a chemical element, atomic number 12, atomic weight 24.312, symbol Mg. See Table 6. Its salts are essential in nutrition, being required for the activity of many enzymes, especially those concerned with oxidative phosphorylation. It is found in the intra- and extracellular fluids and is excreted in urine and feces.

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magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP)

a common constituent of urinary calculi. See urolithiasis.

blood magnesium

level of magnesium in the blood.

magnesium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium phosphate, magnesium trisilicate

compounds used as antacids.

magnesium chloride

used as a source of magnesium in the treatment of hypomagnesemia in cattle, and as a chemical defibrillator in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

magnesium citrate

a mild cathartic.

magnesium gluconate

a magnesium replenisher.

magnesium nutritional deficiency

is most important in the part that it plays in lactation tetany in ruminants. It also causes deformities of the limbs and nervous signs of tremor and convulsions in pigs. See also lactation tetany (1).

magnesium salicylate

the magnesium salt of salicylic acid used as an antiarthritic.

magnesium silicate

talcum powder; capable of causing starch granulomatous peritonitis if introduced into the peritoneal cavity, so it has been superseded by other compounds for use on surgeon's gloves.

magnesium sulfate

Epsom salts; used as an electrolyte replenisher, cathartic and local anti-inflammatory.

magnesium sulfate-chloral hydrate mixture

see chloral hydrate and magnesium sulfate.

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magnesium

Metabolism An alkaline earth–atomic number 12; atomic weight 24.3–intracellular cation and essential mineral required for bone and tooth formation; Mg2+ is bound to ATP, plays a pivotal role in neuromuscular activity, nerve conduction and signaling, muscle contraction; Mg2+ is a cofactor in enzymatic reactions in carbohydrate, protein, and nucleic acid metabolism, and is linked to the electrochemical properties of living systems ↑ in Renal failure, Addison's disease, magnesium infusion ↓ in DM, neuromuscular disease, ↑ Ca2+, ↑ K+, malabsorption syndromes, hyperparathyroidism. See Hypermagnesemia, Hypomagnesemia, Minerals. Cf Manganese.

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Patient discussion about magnesium sulfate-chloral hydrate mixture.

Q. What's the best way to get more Magnesium in my diet (not pill supplements)? I am 28 years old and I am having several health issues. I am very much sensitive to noise and could not sleep even if there is a small sound. It really puts me down and I just cannot go in traffic. I get nervous if I hear a horn or siren. I do panic if I see few vehicles overtake mine and I am undergoing great stress. I am confused even while looking at menu card in the restaurant and I am feeling that my muscles are weak. I did several researches and even consulted few doctors. I did recently discover that magnesium deficiency may be causing/aggravating my situation. What's the best way to get more Magnesium in my diet (not pill supplements)?

A. Green vegetables such as spinach are good sources of magnesium because the center of the chlorophyll molecule (which gives green vegetables their color) contains magnesium. Some beans, peas, nuts, seeds, and whole, unrefined grains are also good sources of magnesium.