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leishmaniosis

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leishmaniasis, leishmaniosis
infection by Leishmania spp.; occurs in humans, domestic Canidae and rodents, and is an important zoonosis throughout the world, except Australia. Three forms occur: (1) visceral (kala-azar, black fever, dumdum fever), caused by L. donovani; (2) cutaneous (Oriental sore, Bagdad boil, Aleppo button), caused by L. tropica; and (3) mucocutaneous, caused by L. brasiliensis. Visceral leishmaniasis in the dog is a chronic, debilitating disease with weight loss, enlargement of the liver and spleen, and polyarthritis. Chronic ulcerations of the skin occur in the cutaneous form.

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Until recently, stable endemic foci of both human visceral leishmaniosis and canine leishmaniasis have been present only in southern, central, and insular regions in Italy.
 
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