ketoacidosis

ketoacidosis /ke·to·ac·i·do·sis/ (ke″to-as″ĭ-do´sis) acidosis accompanied by the accumulation of ketone bodies in the body tissues and fluids.

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diabetic ketoacidosis  see under acidosis.

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ke·to·ac·i·do·sis (kt-s-dss)

n.

Acidosis caused by the increased production of ketone bodies, as in diabetic acidosis.

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Ketoacidosis

A condition due to starvation or uncontrolled Type I diabetes. Ketones are acid compounds that form in the blood when the body breaks down fats and proteins. Symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, rapid breathing, extreme tiredness, and drowsiness.

Mentioned in: Diabetes Mellitus, Leukocytosis

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ketoacidosis

[kē′tōas′idō′sis]

Etymology: Gk, keton, form of acetone; L, acidus, sour, osis, condition

acidosis accompanied by an accumulation of ketones in the body, resulting from extensive breakdown of fats because of faulty carbohydrate metabolism. It occurs primarily as a complication of diabetes mellitus and is characterized by a fruity odor of acetone on the breath, mental confusion, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, dehydration, weight loss, and, if untreated, coma. Emergency treatment includes the administration of insulin and IV fluids and the evaluation and correction of electrolyte imbalance. Nasogastric intubation and bladder catheterization may be required if the patient is comatose. Before discharge of the patient from the hospital, the nurse carefully reviews the meal plan, activity, blood glucose and urine ketone monitoring, and insulin schedule prescribed, emphasizing to the patient that ketoacidosis may be life-threatening and is largely avoidable by strict adherence to the patient's diabetic regimen, monitoring, and appropriate action for illness or stress. See also diabetes mellitus, ketosis. ketoacidotic, adj.

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ketoacidosis (kēˈ·tō·a·si·dōˑ·sis),

n acidosis accompanied by an increase of ketones caused by widespread breakdown of fats as a result of inefficient carbohydrate metabolism. Typically a complication of diabetes mellitus. Characteristics include the presence of a noticeable fruity scent of acetone on a person's breath, dyspnea, mental confusion, nausea, weight loss, and dehydration.

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ketoacidosis (kē´tōas´idō´sis),

n a form of acidosis characterized by an increased accumulation of ketone bodies (acetoacetic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, acetone) in the blood (e.g., the acidosis of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus).

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ketoacidosis

the accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood which results in metabolic acidosis. See also ketosis.

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diabetic ketoacidosis

an overproduction and underutilization of ketone bodies in the diabetic results in ketosis. Ketonemia and ketonuria with accompanying loss of Na+ and K+, leads to a base deficit and acidosis.

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ketoacidosis

Diabetic ketoacidosis, DKA A type of metabolic acidosis seen in poorly controlled DM, with 'starvation amidst plenty'; despite hyperglycemia, ↓ insulin makes the excess glucose unavailable to the cells, which rely on lipid metabolites–ketone bodies–for energy, due to incomplete lipid metabolism Clinical Systemic acidosis, ↓ cardiac contractility and vascular response to catecholamines with thready pulse, hypotension, poor organ perfusion and diabetic ketoacidosis may be the presenting sign in previously undiagnosed DM, accompanied by an acute abdomen and marked leukocytosis Lab Ketonuria, ketonemia, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, ↓ pH, ↓ bicarbonate, ↑ anion gap, hyperlipidemia. See Alcoholic ketoacidosis.