joint mouse

mouse (mous)

1. a small rodent, various species of which are used in laboratory experiments.

2. a small weight or movable structure.

---

joint mouse  a movable fragment of cartilage or other body within a joint.

peritoneal mouse  a free body in the peritoneal cavity, probably a small detached mass of omentum, sometimes visible radiographically.

---

joint mouse,

a small, movable stone formed in or near a joint, usually a knee. See also loose body.

---

joint

the site of the junction or union of two or more bones of the body. See also arthritis. The primary functions of joints are to provide motion and flexibility to the skeletal frame, or to allow growth.

Some joints are immovable, such as certain fixed joints where segments of bone are fused together in the skull. Other joints, such as those between the vertebrae, have extremely limited motion. However, most joints allow considerable motion.

Many joints have a complex internal structure. They are composed not merely of ends of bones but also of ligaments, which are tough whitish fibers binding the bones together; cartilage, which is connective tissue, covering and cushioning the bone ends; the articular capsule, a fibrous tissue that encloses the ends of the bones; and the synovial membrane, which lines the capsule and secretes a lubricating fluid (synovia).

Joints are classified by variations in structure that make different kinds of movement possible. The movable joints are usually subdivided into hinge, pivot, gliding, ball-and-socket, condyloid and saddle joints.

For a complete named list of joints in the body see Table 11.

---

arthrodial joint

gliding joint.

ball-and-socket joint

a synovial joint in which the rounded or spheroidal surface of one bone ('ball') moves within a cup-shaped depression ('socket') on another bone, allowing greater freedom of movement than any other type of joint. Called also spheroidal joint.

biaxial joint

permits movement around two axes.

cartilaginous joint

one in which the bones are united by cartilage, providing either slight flexible movement or allowing growth; it includes symphyses and synchondroses.

condyloid joint

one in which an ovoid head of one bone moves in an elliptical cavity of another, permitting all movements except axial rotation. Called also condylar joint.

congenital joint disease

see articular rigidity, joint hypermobility, arthrogryposis, contracture.

joint contracture

see contracture.

degenerative joint disease

a disease of the joints of all species and all ages but reaching a particularly high prevalence in pen-fed young bulls in which it is characterized by the sudden onset of lameness in a hindlimb, with pain and crepitus in the hip joint and rapid wasting of the muscles of the croup and thigh. There is a family predisposition to this degenerative arthropathy; it is exacerbated by a diet high in phosphorus and low in calcium and dense in energy so that the bull has a high body weight and is growing fast. The onset is acute and often precipitated by fighting or mating. The disease may not develop until 3 or 4 years of age in bulls that are reared at pasture. Called also coxofemoral arthropathy. See also hip dysplasia.

diarthrodial joint

synovial joint.

joint disease

see arthritis, arthropathy, joint-ill, ankylosis, articular rigidity.

ellipsoid joint

circumference of the joint is an ellipse with the articular surfaces longer in one direction than the other.

joint enlargement

includes arthritis, arthropathy, rickets.

facet j's

the synovial joints of the vertebral column between the neural arches.

fibrocartilaginous joint

a combination of fibrous and cartilaginous joints. Called also amphiarthrosis. Movement limited and variable.

fibrous joint

one in which the bones are connected by fibrous tissue; it includes suture, syndesmosis and gomphosis.

joint fixation

includes ankylosis, tendon contracture, arthrogryposis.

fixed joint

see synarthrosis.

flail joint

an unusually mobile joint.

fleshy joint

see sarcoarthrosis.

joint fusion

arthrodesis.

ginglymus joint

see hinge joint (below).

gliding joint

a synovial joint in which the opposed surfaces are flat or only slightly curved, so that the bones slide against each other in a simple and limited way. The synovial intervertebral joints are gliding joints, and many of the small bones of the carpus and tarsus meet in gliding joints. Called also arthrodial joint and plane joint.

hinge joint

a synovial joint that allows movement in only one plane, through the presence of a pair of collateral ligaments that run on either side of the joint. Examples are the elbow and the interphalangeal joints of the digits. The jaw is primarily a hinge joint, but it can also move somewhat from side to side. The carpal and tarsal joints are hinge joints that also allow some rotary movement. Called also ginglymus.

hip joint

the joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the hip bone; loosely called hip.

hyaline cartilage joint

see cartilaginous joint (above).

joint hyperextension

joint can be extended beyond the normal position.

joint hypermobility

usually a congenital defect with all joints affected. Degree varies from extreme, in which limbs can be tied in knots and animal unable to stand, to mild, in which the patient is able to walk but the gait is abnormal. There may be additional defects such as pink teeth lacking enamel and dermatosparaxis (hyperelastosis cutis). See also hereditary collagen dysplasia.

knee joint

1. the joint between the femur and tibia, fibula and patella.

2. in large ungulates the compound joint between the radius, ulna, carpus and metacarpus.

joint mouse

fragments of cartilage or bone that lie free in the joint space. See also joint mouse.

osseous joint

inflexible joint composed of bone; called also synostosis.

pivot joint

a joint in which one bone pivots within a bony or an osseoligamentous ring, allowing only rotary movement; an example is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae (the atlas and axis).

plane joint

see gliding joint (above).

joint receptors

sensory nerve endings capable of detecting the position or angle of the joint.

saddle joint

the articulating surfaces are reciprocally saddle-shaped and permit movement of all kinds, though not rotation, e.g. interphalangeal joints in the dog.

spheroidal joint

see ball-and-socket joint (above).

synarthrodial joint

a fixed joint.

synovial joint

a specialized form of articulation permitting more or less free movement, the union of the bony elements being surrounded by an articular capsule enclosing a cavity lined by synovial membrane. Called also diarthrosis and diarthrodial joint.

trochoid joint

see pivot joint (above).

uniaxial joint

permits movement in one direction only.

---

mouse

pl. mice.

1. small rodent, various species of which are used in laboratory experiments and kept as domestic pets.

2. a small loose body, e.g. in a joint.

---

athymic mouse

see nude mouse.

banana mouse

Dendromus.

common mouse

members of several subfamilies of the family Muridae which includes the mice, rats and Eurasian voles. Old World mice (subfamily Murinae) include many species such as house mouse (Mus musculus), harvest mouse and wood mouse. New World mice (subfamily Cricetinae) also include many species and varieties such as deer mice (Peromyscus leucopus). Banana mice (Dendromus spp.) live in banana trees and are related to the fat mice which live in sandy burrows.

mouse deer

see chevrotain.

mouse ectromelia

see ectromelia (2).

field mouse

lives in fields, woods and gardens. Includes Apodemus flavicollis (yellow-necked field mouse) and A. sylvaticus (European long-tailed field mouse).

house mouse

see musmusculus.

joint mouse

a movable fragment of synovial membrane, cartilage or other body within a joint; usually associated with degenerative osteoarthritis and osteochondritis dissecans.

laboratory mouse

similar in many ways to wild mice, but selectively bred to be of a consistent type for experimental work under laboratory conditions. Many lines are closely inbred to produce selected genetic characteristics that make them develop certain diseases or biochemical abnormalities. Most laboratory mice are white, but some colored varieties exist.

mouse lactic dehydrogenase elevating virus

an arterivirus, originally isolated as a contaminant of transplantable mouse tumor cells. Subsequently found to cause life-long viremia associated with elevated blood levels of lactic dehydrogenase, but no clinical disease.

marsupial mouse

an insectivorous, mouse-like member of the subfamily Phascogalinae; the smallest of existing marsupials.

mouse parvovirus

see minute mouse virus.

peritoneal mouse

a free body in the peritoneal cavity, probably a small detached mass or omentum, sometimes visible radiographically.

mouse pneumonia virus

a pneumovirus that causes chronic illness and emaciation in athymic mice, but subclinical infection in others.

mouse poliomyelitis

a picornavirus disease causing generalized paralysis in older mice (6 to 10 weeks) and encephalitis in younger mice (up to 30 days). Called also theiler's disease.

mouse pox

see ectromelia (2).

spiny pocket mouse

small rodent with large food pockets in its cheeks; called also Perognathus spinatus.

mouse tick

ixodesmuris.

mouse typhoid

infection by Salmonella enteritidis.

white-footed mouse

see peromyscus leucopus.

---

joint mouse

Orthopedics A fanciful term for the free bodies in a synovial space, especially of the knee; JM are composed of fibrous tissue covered by cartilage and measure 0.5–1.5 cm in diameter, classically seen in degenerative joint disease DiffDx JMs are a relatively nonspecific finding; they may also be seen in synovial osteochondromatosis, chondrometaplasia, neuropathic arthropathy, osteoarthritis dissecans, pigmented villonodular synovitis, gout

---

Patient discussion about joint mouse.

Q. What is the treatment for "hip joint mice"? Thanks!

A. if you are young- it goes away by itself after 6-8 painful weeks...if you are older you might need a surgery to remove the particles. it the hip bone it can be complicated, so it's really up to your Dr. to decide what to do here.