alcohol /al·co·hol/ (al´kah-hol)
isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O)
1. any of a class of organic compounds containing the hydroxyl (—OH) functional group except those in which the OH group is attached to an aromatic ring (phenols). Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether the carbon atom to which the OH group is attached is bonded to one, two, or three other carbon atoms and as monohydric, dihydric, or trihydric according to whether they contain one, two, or three OH groups; the latter two are called diols and triols, respectively.
2. ethanol.
3. a pharmaceutical preparation of ethanol, used as a disinfectant, solvent, and preservative; applied topically as a rubefacient, disinfectant, astringent, hemostatic, and coolant; and used internally in sclerotherapy and in the treatment of pain, of spasticity, and of poisoning by methyl alcohol or ethylene glycol.
absolute alcohol dehydrated a.
benzyl alcohol a colorless liquid used as a bacteriostatic in solutions for injection and topically as a local anesthetic.
cetostearyl alcohol a mixture of stearyl alcohol and cetyl alcohol used as an emulsifier.
cetyl alcohol a solid alcohol used as an emulsifying and stiffening agent.
dehydrated alcohol an extremely hygroscopic, transparent, colorless, volatile liquid, 100 per cent strength ethanol; used as a solvent and injected into nerves and ganglia for relief of pain.
denatured alcohol ethanol rendered unfit for internal use by addition of methanol or acetone.
ethyl alcohol , grain alcohol ethanol.
isopropyl alcohol a transparent, colorless, volatile liquid, used as a solvent and disinfectant, and as a topical antiseptic.
isopropyl rubbing alcohol a preparation containing between 68 and 72 per cent isopropyl alcohol in water, used as a rubefacient.
methyl alcohol a clear, colorless, flammable liquid, CH3OH, used as a solvent. Ingestion may cause blindness or death.
polyvinyl alcohol a water-soluble synthetic polymer used as a viscosity-increasing agent in pharmaceuticals and as a lubricant and protectant in ophthalmic preparations.
n- propyl alcohol a colorless liquid with an alcohol-like odor; used as a solvent.
rubbing alcohol a preparation of acetone, the alcohol denaturant methyl isobutyl ketone, and 68.5 to 71.5 per cent ethanol; used as a rubefacient.
stearyl alcohol a solid alcohol prepared from stearic acid and used as an emollient and emulsifier.
wood alcohol methanol.
i·so·pro·pyl alcohol (  s -pr  pl)n. A clear, colorless, flammable, mobile liquid used in antifreeze compounds, in lotions and cosmetics, and as a solvent for gums, shellac, and essential oils. |
isopropyl alcohol (C3H8O)
[ī′sōprō′pil]
a clear, colorless bitter aromatic liquid that is miscible with water, ether, chloroform, and ethyl alcohol. A solution of approximately 70% isopropyl alcohol in water is used as a rubbing compound. Also called avantin, dimethyl carbinol, isopropanol, 2-propanol, rubbing alcohol. See also alcohol.
alcohol
1. any organic compound containing the hydroxy (−OH) functional group except those in which the OH group is attached to an aromatic ring, which are called phenols. Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary according to whether the carbon atom to which the OH group is attached is bonded to one, two or three other carbon atoms and as monohydric, dihydric or trihydric according to whether they contain one, two or three −OH groups; the latter two are called diols and triols, respectively.
2. common name for ethyl alcohol (ethanol). See also alcoholic.
absolute alcohol
ethyl alcohol free from water and impurities.
complex plant alcohol
includes cicutoxin, oenanthotoxin, tremetol, all toxic, causing heavy mortalities and signs including incoordination, tremor, convulsions, vomiting.
denatured alcohol
ethyl alcohol made unfit for consumption by the addition of substances known as denaturants. Although it should never be taken internally, denatured alcohol is widely used on the skin as a cooling agent and skin disinfectant.
ethoxylate alcohol detergents
alcohols containing an ethyl radical with an attached oxygen group; used in the treatment and prevention of ruminal bloat.
ethyl alcohol
a transparent, colorless, mobile, volatile liquid miscible with water, ether or chloroform, and obtained by the fermentation of carbohydrate with yeast. It is the major ingredient of alcoholic beverages consumed by humans. Called also ethanol and grain alcohol. It is used in veterinary medicine in the preparation of mixtures for topical application and for skin disinfection.
grain alcohol
see ethyl alcohol (above).
isopropyl alcohol
a transparent, volatile colorless liquid used as a rubbing compound. Called also isopropanol.
methyl alcohol
a mobile, colorless liquid used as a solvent. Called also wood alcohol or methanol. It is a useful fuel, but is poisonous if taken internally. Consumption may lead to blindness or death.
alcohol nerve block
permanent anesthesia to a part can be produced by blocking the relevant nerve with isopropyl alcohol. Adverse effects are likely due to continued loss of sensation and motor power.
alcohol poisoning
in animals this does not present the social problems that it does in humans even in cattle and sheep fed on brewer's grains and distiller's solubles. Ethyl alcohol is produced in some feeds which are fermented accidentally, but overt alcohol poisoning is not recorded. Carbohydrate engorgement is a more likely occurrence. Isopropyl alcohol is an end product of ketone body degradation in the rumen in cattle and does cause signs of inebriation in cows with nervous acetonemia.
Small companion animals are sometimes exposed to toxic levels of ethyl alcohol by owners and it may be readily consumed. Excessive amounts can lead to vomiting, various levels of central nervous system depression, including excitement, seizures and respiratory depression.
wood alcohol
methyl alcohol.
isopropyl
denotes the 1-methylethyl group, -CH(CH3)2.
isopropyl alcohol
rubbing alcohol, used as a solvent and rubefacient. Formed naturally in the rumen of the cow in nervous acetonemia.
isopropyl isothiocyanate
a cyanogenetic compound found in plants of Brassica spp. May cause acute deaths due to cyanide poisoning and also act as a goitrogen.
isopropyl methanesulfonate
an alkalizing agent that causes testicular degeneration.
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