intra-aortic balloon pump

pump (pump)

1. an apparatus for drawing or forcing liquids or gases.

2. to draw or force liquids or gases.

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breast pump  a manual or electric pump for abstracting breast milk.

calcium pump  the mechanism of active transport of calcium (Ca2+) across a membrane, as of the sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells, against a concentration gradient; the mechanism is driven by enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP.

intra-aortic balloon pump  (IABP) a pump used in intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation.

proton pump  a system for transporting protons across cell membranes, often exchanging them for other positively charged ions.

sodium pump , sodium-potassium pump the mechanism of active transport, driven by hydrolysis of ATP, by which sodium (Na+) is extruded from a cell and potassium (K+) is brought in, so as to maintain gradients of these ions across the cell membrane.

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intra-aortic balloon pump

n.

A pump connected to a balloon device that is inserted into the descending aorta to provide temporary assistance to the heart in the management of left ventricular failure.

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intra-aortic

within the aorta.

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intra-aortic balloon pump

a mechanical aid to the circulatory function of the heart that acts to provide internal counterpulsation.

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intra-aortic balloon pump

Interventional cardiology A device that changes hemodynamic loading conditions in the heart by ↑ mean and peak diastolic BP, and ↓ peak systolic BP; these changes result in ↓ left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, ↑ stroke volume, ↑ cardiac output; the IABP is used primarily for cardiogenic shock after an acute MI, or in severe mitral insufficiency of abrupt onset; the IABP ↑ coronary blood flow, myocardial perfusion, ↑ collateral coronary circulation, improves subendocardial oxygenation, ↓ myocardial O₂ consumption Contraindications Acute or significant aortic regurgitation, as IABP exacerbates regurgitation from the aorta into the left ventricle and ↑ left ventricular diastolic filling pressure; IABP is used as a ventricular assist device, pre-, intra- or postoperatively when medical therapy is insufficient by itself