infectious bulbar paralysis

infectious bulbar paralysis

Etymology: L, inficere, to stain, bulbus, swollen root; Gk, paralyein, to be palsied

a herpesvirus disease of animals (swine, cattle, dogs, cats, and rats) that may cause a mild pruritus when transmitted to humans. Also called pseudorabies.

---

bulbar

pertaining to a bulb; pertaining to or involving the medulla oblongata, as bulbar paralysis.

---

infectious bulbar necrosis

one of the several forms taken by foot abscess in sheep. See also foot abscess.

infectious bulbar paralysis

see aujeszky's disease.

bulbar paralysis

originates from the medulla oblongata. The pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts pass from the midbrain through the medulla and are susceptible to damage by agents that operate in the area. Paralysis of this type has the characteristics of an upper motor lesion with muscle tone and local tendon reflexes retained.

---

infectious

caused by or capable of being communicated by infection.

---

infectious avian nephritis

caused by a picornavirus this disease of young chickens causes a transient unremarkable disease with lesions appearing in the kidney.

infectious bovine cervicovaginitis

thought to be due to a herpesvirus-4 infection, transmitted by coitus, causing sterility in a high percentage of cows and some bulls. Recorded only in South Africa. Called also epivag.

infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis

the common infectious keratitis of cattle caused by Moraxella bovis with solar radiation, dust and face flies as contributing factors.. It occurs as outbreaks, characterized by ocular discharge, blepharospasm and pain. Underrunning of the conjunctiva leads to complications in a few cases. Called also pinkeye, blight, New Forest disease.

infectious bovine meningoencephalomyelitis

see hemophilosis.

infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)

a highly infectious disease of cattle, particularly when crowded together as in feedlots, caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 and characterized by nasal discharge, rhinitis, tracheitis, conjunctivitis, fever and a short course unless complicated by other infections, particularly those leading to pneumonia. Less common forms of the disease include encephalitis in calves and a systemic infection in neonates, manifested by oral erosions and diarrhea. Infectious pustular vulvovaginitis is also caused by this virus. Called also rednose.

infectious bulbar paralysis

see aujeszky's disease.

infectious caprine keratoconjunctivitis

contagious ophthalmia caused by Mycoplasma conjunctivae.

infectious coryza

see fowl coryza.

infectious equine anemia

see equine infectious anemia.

infectious equine bronchitis

see equine influenza.

infectious equine cough

see equine influenza.

infectious equine encephalomyelitis

see equine viral encephalomyelitis.

infectious hematopoietic necrosis of fish

important rhabdoviral infection of Onchorhyncus spp. especially steelhead (anadromous rainbow trout).

infectious hypodermal and hemopoietic necrosis

parvovirus infection causing high mortalities in juvenile Penaeus stylirostris and runt deformity syndrome in P. vanname.

infectious labial dermatitis

see contagious ecthyma.

infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT)

a highly infectious disease of birds of all ages caused by avian herpesvirus 1 and characterized by a very rapid spread of respiratory distress, the signs including gasping, respiratory gurgling and rattling, and death often from asphyxiation because of massive pseudomembrane formation in the trachea. The mortality rate may be as high as 70%.

infectious necrotic hepatitis

an acute toxemia of cattle, sheep and pigs caused by Clostridium novyi which elaborates a toxin in necrotic infarcts in the liver. These infarcts are caused usually by larvae of Fasciola hepatica. Many affected animals are found dead. Clinical findings include severe depression, hypothermia and muffling of heart sounds. Called also black disease.

infectious pancreatic necrosis of fish

a disease of salmonids caused by a group of related birnaviruses. It is characterized by hemorrhages and anemia, and spiral swimming and abdominal distention in fry.

infectious porcine dermatitis

see contagious porcine pyoderma.

infectious porcine polyarthritis

see glässer's disease.

infectious pustular vulvovaginitis

see infectious pustular vulvovaginitis.

infectious salmon anemia

severe disease of Atlantic salmon, reported only, to date, from Norway; characterized by liver necrosis caused by an unidentified virus.

infectious serositis

a septicemic disease of young ducks caused by Riemerellaanatipestifer and characterized by torticollis, head tremor, loss of balance and a high mortality rate.

infectious sinusitis

a contagious disease of turkeys caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The same infection also causes chronic respiratory disease of chickens. The disease in turkeys is characterized by swelling of the infraorbital sinuses, which are filled with thick exudate. The course is chronic and the death rate low but there is severe loss of condition and damage to the respiratory tract.

infectious stunting syndrome

caused by an enterolike virus this disease causes serious losses in the broiler industry; it is characterized by severe growth depression commencing at 1 week of age or earlier. Called also helicopter disease.

infectious synovitis

see infectious avian synovitis.

---

paralysis

loss or impairment of motor function in a part due to a lesion of the neural or muscular mechanism; also, by analogy, impairment of sensory function (sensory paralysis). Called also palsy. Motor paralysis may be expressed as flaccid, in the case of lower motor neuron lesion, or spastic, in the case of an upper motor neuron lesion. See also paraplegia, quadriplegia, hemiplegia and paralyses of individual cranial and peripheral nerves.

---

paralysis of accommodation

paralysis of the ciliary muscles of the eye so as to prevent accommodation.

anal paralysis

manifested by flaccidity and lack of tone of the anal sphincter, and loss of house training restraint in companion animals.

antepartum paralysis

pressure on sciatic nerves by a large fetus in late pregnancy in a cow can cause posterior paralysis that is cured by a cesarean section.

ascending paralysis

spinal paralysis that progresses forwards involving first the hindlimbs then the forelimbs, then the intercostal muscles, then the diaphragm, and finally the muscles of the neck.

birth paralysis

that due to injury received by the neonate at birth.

bladder paralysis

manifested by fullness of the bladder and response to manual pressure. See also motor paralytic urinary bladder.

cage paralysis

see thiamin nutritional deficiency.

central paralysis

any paralysis due to a lesion of the brain or spinal cord.

cerebral paralysis

paralysis caused by some intracranial lesion.

Chastek paralysis

see thiamin nutritional deficiency.

compression paralysis

that caused by pressure on a nerve.

congenital paralysis

paralysis of the newborn. Many cases are due to birth trauma especially when lay persons exert excessive traction. Other causes are enzootic ataxia, inherited congenital paraplegias in calves and pigs, spina bifida and spinal dysraphism and occipito-alanto-axial malformations in foals and puppies.

conjugate paralysis

loss of ability to perform some parallel ocular movements.

coonhound paralysis

see idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis.

crossed paralysis

paralysis affecting one side of the head and the other side of the body.

curled toe paralysis

a disease of poultry caused by a nutritional deficiency of riboflavin. See also curled toe paralysis.

decubitus paralysis

paralysis due to pressure on a nerve from lying for a long time in one position.

esophageal paralysis

manifested by inability to swallow, and regurgitation.

facial paralysis

weakening or paralysis of the facial nerve. See also facial paralysis.

flaccid paralysis

paralysis characterized by loss of voluntary movement, decreased tone of limb muscles, absence of tendon reflexes and neurogenic atrophy.

immunological paralysis

the absence of immune response to a specific antigen. See also tolerance.

infectious bulbar paralysis

see aujeszky's disease.

ischemic paralysis

local paralysis due to stoppage of circulation.

lambing paralysis

maternal obstetric paralysis in the ewe.

laryngeal paralysis

see laryngeal hemiplegia.

mixed paralysis

combined motor and sensory paralysis.

motor paralysis

paralysis of the voluntary muscles.

nerve paralysis

paralysis caused by damage to the local motor nerve supply. See also peripheral nerve paralysis (below).

obstetric paralysis

see maternal obstetric paralysis.

partial paralysis

see paresis.

peripheral nerve paralysis

the part deprived of its peripheral nerve supply shows flaccid paralysis, absence of spinal reflexes, muscle atrophy and a subnormal temperature.

postcalving paralysis

see maternal obstetric paralysis.

posterior paralysis

paralysis of the hindlimbs, tail and perineum. See also paraplegia.

range paralysis

see marek's disease.

sensory paralysis

loss of sensation resulting from a morbid process.

spastic paralysis

paralysis with rigidity of the muscles and heightened deep muscle reflexes.

tongue paralysis

see hypoglossal nerve paralysis.