hybridization (redirected from in situ hybridization of nucleic acid)

hybridization /hy·brid·iza·tion/ (hi″brid-ĭ-za´shun)

1. crossbreeding; the act or process of producing hybrids.

2. molecular hybridization

3. formation of a heterokaryon by fusion of two somatic cells, usually of different species.

4. in chemistry, a procedure whereby orbitals of intermediate energy and desired directional character are constructed.

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in situ hybridization  molecular hybridization used to analyze prepared cells or histologic sections in situ in order to analyze the intracellular or intrachromosomal distribution, transcription, or other characteristics of specific nucleic acids.

molecular hybridization  formation of a partially or wholly complementary nucleic acid duplex by association of single strands, in order to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands.

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hybridization

[hī′bridīzā′shən]

1 the process of producing hybrids by crossbreeding.

2 the process of combining single-stranded nucleic acids from different sources to form stable, double-stranded molecules. The technique involves fragmentation and separation of the source nucleic acids by heating, followed by recombination through cooling. The resulting hybrids can be DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA, or RNA-RNA duplexes.

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hybridization

the production of hybrids.

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in situ hybridization of nucleic acid

a fragment of radioisotope or otherwise labeled DNA can be used as a probe to detect related nucleic acid sequences in cells or tissues. The method requires that both the probe and the cellular nucleic acid sequences be melted to single-stranded forms and then allowed to form either DNA:DNA or DNA:RNA double-stranded forms.

interspecies hybridization

see interspecific hybridoma.

nucleic acid hybridization

double-stranded DNA when heated in aqueous solution separates into two single strands in a process called denaturation or melting. The single strands readily reform a double helix when the solution is allowed to cool in a process called DNA renaturation. Hybridization will occur between any two single-stranded nucleic acid molecules (DNA:DNA, RNA:RNA, RNA:DNA) provided they have complementary nucleotide sequences. The degree of homology between any two nucleic acid molecules can be measured by the percentage of base pairing.

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hybridization

Molecular biology The formation of a complex of complementary nucleotides; hybridization allows determination of the relatedness or sequence 'homology' between 2 strands of nucleic acids, and precise ID of short–up to 20 kb segments of DNA–Southern blot or RNA–Northern blot