jaundice /jaun·dice/ (jawn´dis) icterus; yellowness of the skin, scleras, mucous membranes, and excretions due to hyperbilirubinemia and deposition of bile pigments.
hepatocellular jaundice
jaundice (jändis),
acholuric jaundice jaundice without bilirubinemia, associated with elevated unconjugated bilirubin that is not excreted by the kidney.
acholuric familial jaundice hereditary spherocytosis.
breast milk jaundice elevated unconjugated bilirubin in some breast-fed infants due to the presence of 5-β-pregnane-3-α-20-β-diol in breast milk, which inhibits glucuronyl transferase conjugating activity, or to dehydration.
cholestatic jaundice that resulting from abnormal bile flow in the liver.
hemolytic jaundice that due to increased production of bilirubin from hemoglobin under conditions causing accelerated degradation of erythrocytes.
hepatocellular jaundice that due to injury to or disease of liver cells.
hepatogenic jaundice , hepatogenous jaundice that due to disease or disorder of the liver.
leptospiral jaundice Weil's syndrome.
mechanical jaundice obstructive j.
neonatal jaundice , jaundice of the newborn icterus neonatorum.
nuclear jaundice kernicterus.
obstructive jaundice that due to blocking of bile flow.
physiologic jaundice mild icterus neonatorum lasting the first few days of life.
retention jaundice that due to inability of the liver to dispose of the bilirubin provided by the circulating blood.
| hepatocellular jaundice n. Jaundice caused by injury, inflammation, or liver cell failure. |
hepatocellular jaundice
[-sel′yələr]
jaundice resulting from disease or injury to liver cells.
jaundice (jändis),
n a condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of bilirubin (red bile pigment) in the blood and manifested by a yellowish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and cornea. It presents with hemolytic anemias, biliary obstruction, hepatitis, cholangiolitis, and cirrhosis of the liver. Oral mucosa may be pigmented.
)
Jaundice.
jaundice, acholuric
(ak´
l
r´ik),
n a type without bile in the urine.
lr´ik), n a type without bile in the urine.
jaundice, congenital hemolytic
(knjen´itl hē´mlit´ik), (acholuric icterus, spherocytic anemia, hereditary spherocytosis) (sfer´ōsītō´sis),
n a familial hemolytic anemia transmitted as a Mendelian dominant trait. The intrinsic defects of the red blood cells include a spheroidal shape, which allows them to be trapped by the spleen, and increased mechanical fragility.
njen´itl hē´mlit´ik), (acholuric icterus, spherocytic anemia, hereditary spherocytosis) (sfer´ōsītō´sis), n a familial hemolytic anemia transmitted as a Mendelian dominant trait. The intrinsic defects of the red blood cells include a spheroidal shape, which allows them to be trapped by the spleen, and increased mechanical fragility.
jaundice, epidemic,
n See disease, Weil's.
jaundice, hemolytic (prehepatic jaundice),
n excess bile pigments in the blood resulting from increased destruction of erythrocytes.
jaundice, hepatic,
n See jaundice, hepatocellular.
jaundice, hepatocellular (hepatic jaundice, infective jaundice, medical jaundice, toxic jaundice),
n a type resulting from disease of liver cells by infectious agents or toxins, decreasing the ability of the liver to handle the bile pigments that are continually produced by the destruction of red blood cells.
jaundice, homologous serum,
jaundice, infective,
n See jaundice, hepatocellular.
jaundice, latent,
n increased bilirubin in the blood without clinical signs of jaundice.
jaundice, medical,
n See jaundice, hepatocellular.
jaundice, obstructive (posthepatic jaundice),
n extrahepatic and intrahepatic obstruction of the biliary tract, resulting in retrograde retention of bile pigments and jaundice.
jaundice, posthepatic,
n See jaundice, obstructive.
jaundice, prehepatic,
n See jaundice, hemolytic.
jaundice, regurgitating,
n jaundice resulting from reentry of conjugated bilirubin into the blood as a result of obstruction of the biliary tract or hepatocellular damage and failure to excrete conjugated bilirubin from liver cells.
jaundice, retention,
n an increase in bilirubin in the blood from hemolysis; failure of the liver cells to conjugate bilirubin or remove free bilirubin.
jaundice, surgical,
n extrahepatic obstruction of the biliary tract.
jaundice, syringe,
jaundice, toxic,
n See jaundice, hepatocellular.
hepatocellular
pertaining to or affecting liver cells.
hepatocellular adenoma
tumor is usually single, may be lobulated, sessile; no acinar development and no ductal system.
hepatocellular fusion
there is fusion then disappearance of adjacent hepatic cell membranes giving the tissue a syncytial appearance.
hepatocellular jaundice
jaundice arising because of damage to hepatic cells.
jaundice
yellowness of skin, sclerae, mucous membranes, and excretions due to hyperbilirubinemia and deposition of bile pigments. Called also icterus. It is usually first noticeable in the sclera.
The pigment causing jaundice is called bilirubin. It is derived from hemoglobin that is released when erythrocytes are hemolyzed and therefore is constantly being formed and introduced into the blood as worn-out or defective erythrocytes are destroyed by the body. Normally the liver cells absorb the bilirubin and secrete it along with other bile constituents. If the liver is diseased, or if the flow of bile is obstructed, or if destruction of erythrocytes is excessive, the bilirubin accumulates in the blood and eventually will produce jaundice. Determination of the level of bilirubin in the blood is of value in detecting elevated bilirubin levels at the earliest stages before jaundice appears, when liver disease or hemolytic anemia is suspected.
)
Jaundice in a horse's oral mucosa. By permission from Knottenbelt DC, Pascoe RR, Diseases and Disorders of the Horse, Saunders, 2003
acholuric jaundice
jaundice without bilirubinemia, associated with elevated unconjugated bilirubin that is not excreted by the kidney.
cholestatic jaundice
that resulting from abnormality of bile flow in the liver.
hematogenous jaundice
hemolytic jaundice.
hemolytic jaundice
jaundice associated with hemolytic anemia in which most of the bilirubin is unconjugated. Called also retention jaundice, prehepatic jaundice.
hemorrhagic jaundice
leptospirosis.
hepatocellular jaundice
jaundice caused by injury to or disease of the liver cells.
jaundice index
see icteric index.
nonhemolytic jaundice
that due to an abnormality in bilirubin metabolism.
obstructive jaundice
that due to blockage of the flow of bile, resulting in conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Called also regurgitation jaundice.
physiological jaundice
mild icterus neonatorum during the first few days after birth.
regurgitation jaundice
obstructive jaundice (above).
toxic jaundice
see hepatocellular jaundice (above).
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