granulomatous encephalomyelitis

granulomatous encephalomyelitis

n.

A disease causing necrosis and granulomas in brain tissue.

---

encephalomyelitis

inflammation of both the brain (encephalitis) and spinal cord (myelitis). The pathogenesis and clinical picture are similar to those of encephalitis. The pathological lesions, however, include a significant involvement of the spinal cord. Many of the causes are viral as they are in encephalitis.

---

arthropod-borne encephalomyelitis

a number of viral agents responsible for causing encephalomyelitis are transmitted by arthropods. See arbovirus.

avian encephalomyelitis

caused by an enterovirus this disease affects young birds up to few weeks old. There is an obvious tremor of the neck, followed by weakness and incoordination and finally paralysis and death.

equine protozoal encephalomyelitis

see equine protozoal myeloencephalitis.

equine viral encephalomyelitis

there are three known serotypes of the family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus that cause encephalomyelitis of horses and which occur only in the Americas and are transmitted by mosquitoes. The horse is a terminal host for the eastern and western serotypes; the reservoir of the infection is probably birds and other native fauna. For the Venezuelan virus the horse is also a donor host along with birds and other fauna. The disease has great zoonotic significance because of its high prevalence in epidemic years, and significant mortality rate in humans. Clinical signs in horses include initial excitement, muscle tremor, walking in circles, followed by a paralytic phase including somnolence, staggering, dropping of the head and finally recumbency. Most infections are subclinical.

experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

inoculation of animals with brain tissue in Freund's complete adjuvant produces an autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Called also EAE.

granulomatous encephalomyelitis

a disease marked by granulomatous inflammation and necrosis of the walls of the cerebral and spinal ventricles.

hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus disease of pigs

a disease of sucking pigs caused by a coronavirus characterized by the occurrence of two different clinical forms of the disease. They are probably the extremes of a clinical spectrum of one disease because both may be seen in the one outbreak in one piggery. The encephalitic form is characterized by incoordination, convulsions and death in 2-3 days. In the other form the principal signs are vomiting, inability to drink and severe dehydration and emaciation—hence vomiting and wasting disease. Called also Ontario encephalitis.

Israeli turkey encephalomyelitis

nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis of turkeys caused by a flavivirus and carried by insects, probably mosquitoes. Manifested by a progressive paralysis.

mouse encephalomyelitis virus

see theiler's disease.

Near Eastern equine encephalomyelitis

the cause is a virus, antigenically identical with the Borna disease virus, which normally infects birds, but in its transport by a vector tick it infects horses. The disease is clinically indistinguishable from borna disease.

ovine encephalomyelitis

see louping ill.

porcine viral encephalomyelitis

caused by members of the genus, Teschovirus, family Picornaviridae. The virulence of the viruses and the severity of the diseases that they cause varies. Clinically the disease is characterized by a syndrome comprising hyperesthesia, paresis and convulsions but the severity is very much less in older pigs than in baby pigs. Adult pigs are commonly infected but show no clinical signs. Also known as Teschen disease, Talfan disease, poliomyelitis suum.

postinfectious encephalomyelitis

inflammation of the brain and spinal cord following vaccination or infection. Was commonly seen after the administration of earlier rabies vaccines containing brain tissue.

postvaccinal encephalomyelitis

see postinfectious encephalomyelitis (above).

sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis

caused by Chlamydophila pecorum and characterized by inflammation of vessel walls, serous membranes and synoviae, with incidental involvement of nervous tissue in some cases. Clinically there is high fever and weakness, circling and knuckling in some. At necropsy there is fibrinous peritonitis, pleurisy and pericarditis—hence serositis—as well as encephalomyelitis. Called also transmissible serositis, Buss disease, SBE.