Several studies have described that in cell permeabilization the essential soluble cofactors for the conversion of
gluconic acid into ethanol are liberated, ceasing the formation of ethanol (JANG et al.
The
gluconic acid produced by the decomposition of glucose due to immobilized GOD, is detectable, leading to an increase in the impedance of the anion exchange film.
5]) and the output was
gluconic acid concentration ([y.
The acquisition concerns Glucona's activities in high quality
gluconic acid derivatives which will be merged with the CSM Biochemicals division, which operates under the name of PURAC.
Examples include extraction with organic acids such as citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, oxalic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid,
gluconic acid, and malic acid [3,4,7,9,12], and mineral acids such as sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric, and phosphoric acids [6,9,12].
Glucose is catalyzed to form
gluconic acid by the glucose dehydrogenase or glucose oxidase reagent.
The substrates used here were 2 amines (D-glucosamine, L-glutamine), 6 amino acids (L-arginine, L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, L-lysine, L-serine), 2 carbohydrates (D-glucose, D-mannose), and 15 carboxylic acids (L-ascorbic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid,
gluconic acid, [Alpha]-ketobutyric acid, [Alpha]-ketoglutaric acid, [Alpha]-ketovaleric acid, DL-malic acid, malonic acid, pantothenic acid, quinic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, uric acid, and urocanic acid), [Alpha]-DL-hydroxybutyric acid was excluded from the list of 25 substrates defined by Degens (1998b) because of the unavailability of the compound and poor response in previous work (Degens 1998a, 1998b, 1999).
Gluconic acid is a gentler version, less likely to irritate sensitive skin.
TABLE 17 GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT OF
GLUCONIC ACID CONSUMPTION, THROUGH 2008 (1,000 METRIC TONS) 33
When the enzymes are exposed to high glucose levels they effectively convert glucose into
gluconic acid that breaks down the modified dextran and releases the insulin.
The recently published review in Science magazine entitled “Green Gold Catalysis” cites a high potential for new processes based on gold nanoparticles for the following large-scale industrial chemicals:
gluconic acid, acetic acid and propylene oxide.
Many honeys release low levels of antiseptics, such as hydrogen peroxide and
gluconic acid, which can inhibit the growth of skin bacteria.
