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genioglossus

   Also found in: Encyclopedia, Wikipedia 0.03 sec.
ge·ni·o·glos·sus (jn--glss)
n.
Either of a pair of lingual muscles with origin in the mandible, with insertion to the lingual fascia below the mucous membrane and epiglottis, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action depresses and protrudes the tongue.

genioglossus,
one of the thick, fan-shaped extrinsic muscles that depress the central part of the tongue and protrude the anterior part of the tongue out of the oral fissure. The genioglossus muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal nerves.


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Surgical treatment options are plentiful; they include tonsillectomy with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (tonsillectomy/UPPP), genioglossus advancement, hyoid suspension, palatal advancement or stiffening, and tracheostomy.
Some of these patients underwent genioglossus advancement and/or hyoid suspension.
Among the possible causes of upper airway obstruction are the posterior displacement of a normal-sized tongue secondary to micrognathia and/or retrognathia, the loss of support of the genioglossus muscle, and negative pressure in the pharynx during swallowing and inspiration.
 
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