fertilization (redirected from fertilisation)

fertilization /fer·ti·li·za·tion/ (fer″tĭ-lĭ-za´shun) impregnation; union of male and female gametes to form the diploid zygote, leading to development of a new individual.

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external fertilization  union of the gametes outside the bodies of the originating organisms, as in most fish.

internal fertilization  union of the gametes inside the body of the female, the sperm having been transferred from the body of the male by an accessory sex organ or other means.

in vitro fertilization  removal of a secondary oocyte, fertilization of it in a culture medium in the laboratory, and placement of the dividing zygote into the uterus.

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fer·til·i·za·tion (fûrtl--zshn)

n.

The union of male and female gametes to form a zygote, a process that begins with the penetration of the secondary oocyte by the spermatozoon and is completed with the fusion of the male and female pronuclei.

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Fertilization

The joining of the sperm and the egg; conception.

Mentioned in: Contraception

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fertilization

[fur′tilīzā′shən]

Etymology: L, fertilis, fruitful

the union of male and female gametes to form a zygote from which the embryo develops. The process usually takes place in the outer one third of the fallopian tube of the female when a spermatozoon, carried in the seminal fluid discharged during coitus, comes in contact with and penetrates the ovum. Rapid chemical changes in the membrane of the ovum prevent the entrance of additional spermatozoa. Penetration by the spermatozoon stimulates the completion of the second meiotic division and formation of the pronucleus in the ovum. Fusion and synapsis of the male and female pronuclei restore the diploid number of chromosomes to the germ cell, thereby determining the sex of the zygote and the characteristics inherited from each parent and stimulating the initiation of development through cleavage. Kinds of fertilization include cross-fertilization, external fertilization, and internal fertilization. See also in vitro fertilization, oogenesis, spermatogenesis.

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fertilization

in animal reproduction, the process by which the spermatozoon unites with the ovum. By this event, also called conception, the male and female gametes unite to form a single-celled zygote. When one spermatozoon penetrates the ovum a reaction occurs which prevents any further spermatozoa entering. The nuclei of the spermatozoon and the ovum fuse in a process called syngamy and fertilization is complete.

Spermatozoa lodged in the female reproductive tract maintain their fertility for 5 days in mares, up to 90 hours in bitches and for 24 to 48 hours in cow, ewe, sow. In the female, the ovulated ovum remains viable in the tract for 12 to 18 hours.

Fertilization. By permission from Aspinall V, O'Reilly M, Introduction to Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, Butterworth Heinemann, 2004

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in vitro fertilization

union of male and female germ cells outside the body, in an artificial environment.

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fertilization

Fusion of ovum & spermatozoon Reproduction medicine The penetration of an egg by sperm, resulting in combined genetic material that develops into an embryo

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Patient discussion about fertilisation.

Q. i just have my period last november 25 and ended on 28.when is my possible fertile and ovulation period please help me identify my fertile and ovulation period

A. If someone knew it, it'd solve the human race many problems with fertility. The problem is that ovulation (and thus, the period of possible fertility) happens 14 days BEFORE the onset of menses, so you know about it only retrospectively.

However there ways such as serial body temperature measuring, along with kits that measures the level of hormones in the urine in order to estimate the time of the coming ovulation, and help in timing intercourse.

You may read more about it here (www.mayoclinic.com/health/ovulation-signs/AN01521 ) but anyway, consulting a doctor (e.g. gynecologist) may be wise.