oil (oil)
castor oil
castor oil
1. an unctuous, combustible substance that is liquid, or easily liquefiable, on warming, and is soluble in ether but not in water. Oils may be animal, vegetable, or mineral in origin, and volatile or nonvolatile (fixed). A number of oils are used as flavoring or perfuming agents in pharmaceutical preparations.
2. a fat that is liquid at room temperature.
borage oil that extracted from the seeds of borage; used for the treatment of neurodermatitis and as a food supplement.
cajeput oil a volatile oil from the fresh leaves and twigs of cajeput; used as a stimulant and rubefacient in rheumatism and other muscle and joint pain.
canola oil rapeseed oil, specifically that prepared from rapeseed plants bred to be low in erucic acid.
castor oil a fixed oil obtained from the seed of Ricinus communis; used as a bland topical emollient and also occasionally as a strong cathartic.
clove oil a volatile oil from cloves; used externally in the treatment of colds and headache and as a dental antiseptic and analgesic; it also has various uses in Indian medicine.
cod liver oil partially destearinated, fixed oil from fresh livers of Gadus morrhua and other fish of the family Gadidae; used as a source of vitamins A and D.
corn oil a refined fixed oil obtained from the embryo of Zea mays; used as a solvent and vehicle for various medicinal agents and as a vehicle for injections. It has also been promoted as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids in special diets.
cottonseed oil a fixed oil from seeds of cultivated varieties of the cotton plant (Gossypium) ; used as a solvent and vehicle for drugs.
essential oil volatile o.
ethiodized oil an iodine addition product of the ethyl ester of fatty acids of poppyseed oil; used as a diagnostic radiopaque medium.
eucalyptus oil a volatile oil from the fresh leaf of species of Eucalyptus; used as a pharmaceutical flavoring agent, as an expectorant and local antiseptic, for rheumatism, and in folk medicine.
evening primrose oil that produced from the ripe seeds of evening primrose(Oenothera biennis) ; used in the treatment of mastalgia, premenstrual syndrome, and atopic eczema.
expressed oil , fatty oil, fixed oil a nonvolatile oil, i.e., one that does not evaporate on warming; such oils consist of a mixture of fatty acids and their esters, and are classified as solid, semisolid, and liquid, or as drying, semidrying, and nondrying as a function of their tendency to solidify on exposure to air.
fennel oil a volatile oil distilled from fennel (the seeds of Foeniculum vulgare ); used for cough, bronchitis, and dyspepsia and as a pharmaceutical flavoring agent.
iodized oil an iodine addition product of vegetable oil; used as a diagnostic radiopaque medium.
lavender oil a volatile oil distilled from the flowering tops of lavender or prepared synthetically; used for loss of appetite, dyspepsia, nervousness, and insomnia; also widely used in folk medicine.
mineral oil a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons from petroleum; used as a lubricant laxative, drug vehicle, and skin emollient and cleanser. Light mineral o., of lesser density, is used similarly.
olive oil a fixed oil obtained from ripe fruit of Olea europaea; used as a setting retardant for dental cements, topical emollient, pharmaceutic necessity, and sometimes as a laxative.
peanut oil the refined fixed oil from peanuts (Arachis hypogaea); used as a solvent and vehicle for drugs.
peppermint oil a volatile oil from fresh overground parts of the flowering plant of peppermint (Mentha piperita); used as a flavoring agent for drugs, and as a gastric stimulant and carminative.
rapeseed oil the oil expressed from the seeds of the rapeseed plant; used in the manufacture of soaps, margarines, and lubricants. See also canola o.
safflower oil an oily liquid extracted from the seeds of the safflower, Carthamus tinctorius, containing predominantly linoleic acid; used as a pharmaceutic aid, a component of total parenteral nutrition solutions, and in the management of hypercholesterolemia.
silicone oil any of various long-chain fluid silicone polymers, some of which are injected into the vitreous to serve as a vitreous substitute during or after vitreoretinal surgery.
tea tree oil an essential oil from the leaves and branch tips of tea tree, having bacteriostatic and weak antiviral and antimycotic properties, used topically for skin infections and used internally and externally in folk medicine for various indications.
thyme oil the volatile oil extracted from fresh, flowering thyme; used as an antitussive and expectorant.
volatile oil one that evaporates readily, usually found in aromatic plants; most are a mixture of two or more terpenes.
volatile oil of mustard a volatile oil distilled from the seeds of black mustard(Brassica nigra); used as a strong counterirritant and rubefacient.
cas·tor oil (k s t r)n. A colorless or pale yellowish oil extracted from the seeds of the castor-oil plant, used pharmaceutically as a laxative and skin softener and industrially as a lubricant. |
castor oil
[kas′tər]
Etymology: L, beaver, oleum, olive oil
an oil derived from Ricinus communis, used as a stimulant cathartic.
indications It is prescribed as a cleansing preparation of the bowel or colon before examination and, rarely, for constipation.
contraindications Symptoms of appendicitis, intestinal obstruction or perforation, and fecal impaction prohibit its use. It is not to be used during menstruation or pregnancy.
adverse effects Among the most serious adverse reactions are rectal bleeding and laxative dependence. Nausea, abdominal cramps, and dizziness also may occur.
castor oil
a fixed oil obtained from the seed of the castor bean plant (ricinus communis); it has an irritant effect on the intestines and acts as a powerful purgative. Castor oil is also used externally as an emollient in seborrheic dermatitis and other skin diseases.
castor oil plant
see ricinus communis.
false castor oil plant
see datura.
castor oil
An oil cold-pressed from the kernel of Ricinus communis seeds, which contains glycerides of ricinoleic and isoricinoleic acids–eg, dihydroxystearin, isoricinolein, palmitin, and triricinolein; it has been used
externally as an emollient and internally as a laxative. See Castor bean, Ricin.
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