Electrolytes


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Electrolytes

Salts and minerals that can conduct electrical impulses in the body. Common human electrolytes are sodium chloride, potassium, calcium, and sodium bicarbonate. Electrolytes control the fluid balance of the body and are important in muscle contraction, energy generation, and almost every major biochemical reaction in the body.
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electrolytes

substances in solution in the ionized state, carrying an electrical charge (anions negative, cations positive). Applies to those in the body fluids, where dissociated sodium chloride is the major electrolyte in extracellular fluids (Na+and Cl-), and potassium (K+), with organic anions, in intracellular fluids. Other physiologically important cations are calcium and magnesium, and the anions bicarbonate and phosphate. Normal electrolyte concentrations are essential for normal cellular function. Movements of ions are crucial in the maintenance of potential differences across cell membranes and, for example, in the generation and transmission of nervous impulses, neuromuscular and synaptic transmission, and all secretory function. See also minerals; appendix 4.3 .

electrolytes (ē·lekˑ·trō·lītsˈ),

n.pl the ionized salts present in body fluids that play an important role in functioning of the human body. Electrolyte levels in blood plasma and urine are often used as diagnostic tools.
Electrolytes.Normal electrolyte content of body fluids*
Extracellular
Electrolytes (anions and cations)Intravascular (mEq/L)Interstitial (mEq/L)Intracellular (mEq/L)
Sodium (Na+)14214615
Potassium (K+)55150
Calcium (Ca++)532
Magnesium (Mg++)2127
Chloride (Cl−)1021141
Bicarbonate (HCO3−)273010
Protein (Prot−)16163
Phosphate (HPO4=)22100
Sulfate (SO4=)1120
Organic acids580
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References in periodicals archive ?
UltraCharge Limited is pleased to announce it has acquired new battery intellectual property (IP), which includes a high performing, low cost electrolyte solution from Coorstek Specialty Chemicals (Coorstek), a US based company.
Israel : UltraCharge Limited is pleased to announce it has acquired new battery intellectual property (IP), which includes a high performing, low cost electrolyte solution from Coorstek Specialty Chemicals (Coorstek), a US based company. Lithium ion batte
Electrolytes contain both positive and negative ions.
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Also, the amount of flammable organic substances in the molecular crystalline electrolytes was lower than in polymer electrolytes and in conventional liquid electrolytes, making them a potentially safer alternative.
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Too much salt leads to a cellular inability to absorb other necessary electrolytes, she adds.
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The optimal concentration of electrolytes, energy source, and osmolarity of enteral electrolyte solutions in animals remain controversial.
Enteral electrolyte solutions with different osmolarities administered in a continuous flow in newborn calves/Solucoes eletroliticas enteral com diferentes osmolaridade administradas em fluxo continuo em bezerros recem-nascidos
Patients with multiple types of electrolyte abnormalities either synchronously or one after another as it might hinder the evaluation as this study was to find the effect of a single type of electrolyte abnormality on outcome.
Serum sodium and potassium profile in adult head injury patients and its effect on final outcome
Toyota City, Japan, Nov 24, 2016 - (JCN Newswire) - Toyota Motor Corporation has developed the world's first(1) method for observing the behavior of lithium ions (Li-ions) in an electrolyte when a Li-ion battery charges and discharges.
Toyota Develops World's First Behavior Observation Method for Lithium Ions in Electrolyte
Serum electrolytes assessed were sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+).
Frequency of hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia in malnourished children with acute diarrhoea
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Wildcat Discovery Technologies Announces SuperTemp[TM] - New Electrolyte Formulations for BEV, PHEV, and Start/Stop Vehicle Systems
Conductive polymers such as polyethylene oxide (PEO) doped with lithium ions have shown promise as solid polymer electrolytes, but scientists have struggled to develop PEO materials that transport lithium ions anywhere near as well as liquid electrolytes.
Plugging into the power of polymers: lithium-ion and other battery technologies will increasingly be getting more solid support and energy density from polymers
They will use an electrolyte solution under development by the DOE that has not yet been implemented in commercial nuclear reactors.
Improved nuclear waste disposal is focus of $800K Department of Energy grant
Another category of tantalum capacitors with solid electrolyte, developed more recently than those with liquid electrolyte or manganese dioxide cathodes, employs conductive polymer cathode materials, most frequently Polypyrrole or PEDT.
Hermetically sealed SMD tantalum capacitors for harsh environment applications

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