calculus (redirected from differential calculus)

calculus /cal·cu·lus/ (kal´ku-lus) pl. cal´culi   [L.] an abnormal concretion, usually composed of mineral salts, occurring within the animal body.cal´culous

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biliary calculus  gallstone.

dental calculus  calcium phosphate and carbonate, with organic matter, deposited on tooth surfaces.

lung calculus  one formed in the bronchi by accretion about an inorganic nucleus, or from calcified portions of lung tissue or adjacent lymph nodes.

oxalate calculus  a urinary calculus made of calcium oxalate; some have tiny sharp spines and others are smooth.

renal calculus  one in the kidney.

salivary calculus 

1. sialolith.

2. supragingival c.

struvite calculus  a urinary calculus of crystals of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate).

supragingival calculus  that covering the coronal surface of the tooth to the crest of the gingival margin.

urinary calculus  one in any part of the urinary tract.

uterine calculus  uterolith; a concretion in the uterus.

vesical calculus  one in the urinary bladder.

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cal·cu·lus (klky-ls)

n. pl. cal·cu·lus·es or cal·cu·li (-l)

1. An abnormal concretion in the body, usually formed of mineral salts and most commonly found in the gallbladder, kidney, or urinary bladder. Also called stone.

2. Dental tartar.

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Calculus

Any type of hard concretion (stone) in the body, but usually found in the gallbladder, pancreas and kidneys. They are formed by the accumulation of excess mineral salts and other organic material such as blood or mucous. Calculi (pl.) can cause problems by lodging in and obstructing the proper flow of fluids, such as bile to the intestines or urine to the bladder.

Mentioned in: Abdominal Ultrasound, Oral Hygiene

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calculus

[kal′kyələs] pl. calculi

Etymology: L, little stone

1 also called stone. an abnormal stone formed in body tissues by an accumulation of mineral salts. Calculi are usually found in biliary and urinary tracts. Kinds of calculi include biliary calculus and renal calculus.

2 (in dentistry) also called tartar. A deposit of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and organic matter that accumulates on the teeth or a dental prosthesis. Calculus that forms coronal to the gingival crest, called supragingival calculus, is chalky and cream-colored but may be stained by tobacco and food. Calculus that forms in the gingival pocket, or the periodontal pocket, called serumal calculus, subgingival calculus, or veneer, is usually denser and darker than supragingival calculus; it harbors bacteria, thus contributing to periodontal disease.

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calculus [kal´ku-lus] (pl. cal´culi) (L.)

an abnormal concretion, usually composed of mineral salts, occurring within the body, chiefly in hollow organs or their passages. Called also stone. See also kidney stone and gallstone. adj., adj cal´culous.

biliary calculus gallstone.

bladder calculus vesical calculus.

bronchial calculus broncholith.

calcium oxalate calculus oxalate calculus.

dental calculus a hard, stonelike concretion, varying in color from creamy yellow to black, that forms on the teeth or dental prostheses through calcification of dental plaque; it begins as a yellowish film formed of calcium phosphate and carbonate, food particles, and other organic matter that is deposited on the teeth by the saliva. It should be removed regularly by a dentist or dental hygienist; if neglected, it can cause bacteria to lodge between the gums and the teeth, causing gum infection, dental caries, loosening of the teeth, and other disorders. Called also tartar.

gastric calculus gastrolith.

intestinal calculus enterolith.

lung calculus a hard mass or concretion formed in the bronchi around a small center of inorganic material, or from calcified portions of lung tissue or adjacent lymph nodes. Called also pneumolith.

mammary calculus a concretion in one of the lactiferous ducts.

nasal calculus rhinolith.

oxalate calculus a hard urinary calculus of calcium oxalate; some are covered with minute sharp spines that may abrade the renal pelvic epithelium, and others are smooth. Called also calcium oxalate calculus.

phosphate calculus a urinary calculus composed of a phosphate along with calcium oxalate and ammonium urate; it may be hard, soft, or friable, and so large that it may fill the renal pelvis and calices.

prostatic calculus a concretion formed in the prostate, chiefly of calcium carbonate and phosphate. Called also prostatolith.

renal calculus kidney stone.

staghorn calculus a urinary calculus, usually a phosphate calculus, found in the renal pelvis and shaped like the antlers of a stag because it extends into multiple calices.

urate calculus uric acid calculus.

urethral calculus a urinary calculus in the urethra; symptoms vary according to the patient's sex and the site of lodgment.

uric acid calculus a hard, yellow or reddish-yellow urinary calculus formed from uric acid.

urinary calculus a calculus in any part of the urinary tract; it is vesical when lodged in the bladder and renal (see kidney stone) when in the renal pelvis. Common types named for their primary components are oxalate calculi, phosphate calculi, and uric acid calculi. Called also urolith.

uterine calculus any kind of concretion in the uterus, such as a calcified myoma. Called also hysterolith and uterolith.

vesical calculus a urinary calculus in the urinary bladder. Called also bladder calculus.

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calculus (dental) (kal´kyls),

n a hard deposit on the exposed surfaces of the teeth and any oral prosthesis within the oral cavity. It is composed of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium phosphate, and other elements within an organic matrix composed of plaque, desquamated epithelium, mucin, microorganisms, and other debris. Factor in the initiation and continuation of periodontal disease. The colloquial term is tartar.

Advanced calculus.

calculus, identification of, by air application,

n the use of compressed air to dry the periodontium and visualize minimal amounts of calculus, which are otherwise difficult to see, especially subgingivally.

calculus record,

n a written accounting of the number and distribution of calculus deposits on tooth surfaces that becomes part of the patient's permanent chart and is used to monitor progress and plan treatment.

calculus, subgingival,

n the calculus deposited on the tooth structure and found apical to the gingival margin within the periodontal pocket. Usually darker and denser than supragingival calculus. Older term is
serumal calculus.

calculus, supragingival,

n the calculus deposited on the teeth coronal to the gingival margin. Usually lighter in color (unless stained) and less dense than subgingival calculus. Older term is
salivary calculus.

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calculus

pl. calculi [L.] an abnormal concretion, usually composed of mineral salts, occurring within the animal body, chiefly in the hollow organs or their passages. Called also stones, as in kidney stones (urolithiasis) and gallstones. See also hippomanes.

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biliary calculus

a gallstone.

bronchial calculus

see bronchial calculus.

dental calculus

mineralized deposits of calcium phosphate and carbonate, with organic matter, deposited on tooth surfaces. Found commonly in dogs and cats, sometimes in horses, rarely in sheep. May initiate caries and peridontal disease.

lung calculus

a concretion formed in the bronchi. See also bronchial calculus.

pancreatic calculus

very small (4 to 5 mm) calculi in pancreatic ducts, rare and of no pathogenic importance.

prostatic calculus

concretions of calcium phosphates and carbonates in the prostatic ducts are rare and of no clinical significance.

renal calculus

see urolithiasis.

salivary calculus

white, hard, laminated concretions in the salivary duct; a sialolith. Occurs most commonly in horses.

urethral calculus

a calculus lodged in the urethra causes obstruction of the urethra with a potential for causing rupture of the bladder or perforation of the urethra and leaking of urine into subcutaneous or retroperitoneal sites. See also urolith, urolithiasis.

urinary calculus

a calculus in any part of the urinary tract. See urolithiasis.

vesical calculus

a urolith in the urinary bladder.

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calculus

Plural, calculi Dentistry Tartar Indurated, yellow–brown/black deposits on teeth formed by bacteria in dental plaques from mineralized calcium salts in saliva and subgingival transudates Kidneys A stone in the urinary tract. See Mulberry calculus, Staghorn calculus.

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Patient discussion about calculus.

Q. Would kidney stones affect a PSA reading? Would drinking lots of grapefruit juice affect a PSA reading? My husband's PSA reading jumped from a 4.2 to a 17 in @ 2 years' time. How can that be? This man takes all sorts of supplements and really watches his diet. He also takes good care of his body, and does NOT look or act 68.

A. You should get your parathyroid gland checked out. Your calcium level might be causing the kidney stones.

Q. how do i cure tonsil stones (tonsiloth)?

A. There are very little literature about this subject, but I heard about treatment in which the crypts (deep and narrow grooves on the tongue in which the stones form) are burned with laser.

As far as I know these stones don't cause damage by themselves so it's not such a common treatment.

You may read more here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonsillolith

Q. How can i overcome kidney ache? in the morning it appears.after wake up.

A. First of all, it is important to distinguish kidney ache from lower back ache. If you have ever suffered from kidney problems or infections, it might be advisable to see a doctor, and rule out an infection. However, if you are otherwise healthy, and have been experiencing back pain after you wake up, it is very much possible your pain is not from the kidneys, but from the muscles of your back. In this case, some exercise on a daily basis to help strengthen your lower back can very much ease the pain you're experiencing.