congenital hypernatremia

congenital hypernatremia

Idiopathic neonatal hypernatremia of Ballard
A potentially life-threatening condition of perinatal onset with ↑↑↑ serum sodium, often > than 134-146 mmol/L–US: 310-340 mg/dl Clinical CNS dysfunction, seizures, neuromuscular spasms, production of low volumes of concentrated urine, weight loss, hypotension, ↑ BUN; Sx are exacerbated by concomitant sepsis, asphyxia or CNS hemorrhage Etiology ↑ Na+ loss, as in diabetes insipidus, either ↓ ADH secretion or ↓ sensitivity to ADH, osmotic diuresis, diaphoresis, diarrhea; ↓ water intake, due to disordered thirst sensation, ↑ salt ingestion without adequate fluid, electrolytic imbalance, ↑ Ca2+, ↑ K+