congenital glaucoma

glaucoma /glau·co·ma/ (glaw-) (glou-ko´mah) a group of eye diseases characterized by an increase in intraocular pressure, causing pathological changes in the optic disk and typical visual field defects.glauco´matous

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congenital glaucoma  that due to defective development of the structures in and around the anterior chamber of the eye and resulting in impairment of aqueous humor; seen first at birth or up to age three.

Donders' glaucoma  advanced open-angle g.

infantile glaucoma  congenital g.

narrow-angle glaucoma  a form of primary glaucoma in an eye characterized by a shallow anterior chamber and a narrow angle, in which filtration is compromised as a result of the iris blocking the angle.

open-angle glaucoma  a form of primary glaucoma in an eye in which the angle of the anterior chamber remains open, but filtration is gradually diminished because of the tissues of the angle.

Glaucoma. Impairment of outflow of aqueous humor is caused by closure of the anterior angle, with apposition of the iris and trabecular meshwork, in angle-closure glaucoma (A), and by other obstruction in open-angle glaucoma (B) .

primary glaucoma  increased intraocular pressure occurring in an eye without previous disease.

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congenital glaucoma

n.

See buphthalmia.

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congenital glaucoma,

a rare form of glaucoma affecting infants and young children, which results from a congenital closure of the iridocorneal angle by a membrane that obstructs the outflow of aqueous humor and increases the intraorbital pressure. The condition is progressive, is usually bilateral, and may damage the optic nerve. It may be corrected surgically. Symptoms include tearing, photophobia, and enlargement of the eye, known as buphthalmos or hydrophthalmos.

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glaucoma

a group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure, resulting in pathological changes in the optic disk and typical visual field defects, and eventually blindness if not treated successfully. Uncommon in domestic animals, except in dogs where several breeds are predisposed.

The normal eye is filled with aqueous humor in an amount carefully regulated to maintain the shape of the eyeball. In glaucoma, the balance of this fluid is disturbed; fluid is formed more rapidly than it leaves the eye, and pressure builds up. The increased pressure damages the retina. If not relieved by proper treatment, the pressure will eventually damage the optic nerve, causing blindness.

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absolute glaucoma

end-stage glaucoma with buphthalmos and severe degenerative changes.

aphakic glaucoma

forward displacement of the posterior lens capsule and vitreous body with incarceration in the pupil; usually occurs after cataract surgery.

closed-angle glaucoma

one in which the iridocorneal angle is obstructed, either due to collapse or interference with drainage by the iris or connective tissue. The cause may be congenital (goniodysgenesis) or acquired, due to an abnormality of the lens, anterior chamber or iris.

congenital glaucoma

that due to defective development of the structures in and around the anterior chamber of the eye, and resulting in impairment of drainage. See also goniodysgenesis.

narrow-angle glaucoma

a form of primary glaucoma caused by abnormal development of the iridocorneal angle. See also goniodysgenesis.

open-angle glaucoma

a form of glaucoma in which there is no detectable abnormality of the iridocorneal angle, but drainage is obstructed by elements in the aqueous humor, luxation of the lens, or elevated episcleral venous pressure. In some cases, particularly in predisposed breeds of dogs such as beagles, no contributing factors are detectable.

phacolytic glaucoma

leakage of lens material from a hypermature cataract causes anterior uveitis that impedes aqueous outflow.

primary glaucoma

increased intraocular pressure occurring in an eye with no other eye disease being present.

secondary glaucoma

increased intraocular pressure due to disease or injury to the eye.