cobblestone appearance

cobblestone appearance

Cobblestone pattern A widely used term for multiple, equally-sized rounded densities that project from a single linear surface, when the image is 2-D or that rise above a flattened plane when viewed in 3-D, a pattern which has been likened to roads paved by multiple similarly-sized 'cobbled' stones GI disease A characteristic radiologic and gross appearance of the intestinal mucosa in Crohn's disease, due to submucosal involvement; to the endoscopist, cobblestoning refers to the uniform nodules–due to the submucosal edema, while the pathologist refers to severe ulcerative disease with crisscrossing of the ulcers through inflamed but intact mucosa; intestinal 'cobblestoning' may also occur in ulcerative colitis–where ulcers alternate with regenerating mucosa, ischemic colitis, lymphoid hyperplasia of CVID, amyloidosis, mucoviscidosis, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, multiple lymphangiomas, and polyposis coli; in the intestine, the mucosal rugosities may correspond to polyps, or be filled with air, lymphoid tissue, or amyloid Oral disease Multiple, closely-set intraoral papilloma-like fibromas that impart a pebbly tactile sensation in Cowden's premalignant multiple hamartoma syndrome