caseous necrosis

necrosis /ne·cro·sis/ (nĕ-kro´sis) pl. necro´ses   [Gr.] the morphological changes indicative of cell death caused by progressive enzymatic degradation; it may affect groups of cells or part of a structure or an organ.

---

aseptic necrosis  necrosis without infection, usually in the head of the femur after traumatic hip dislocation.

Balser's fatty necrosis  gangrenous pancreatitis with omental bursitis and disseminated patches of necrosis of fatty tissues.

caseous necrosis  cheesy n.

central necrosis  that affecting the central portion of an affected bone, cell, or lobule of the liver.

cheesy necrosis  that in which the tissue is soft, dry, and cottage cheese–like; most often seen in tuberculosis and syphilis.

coagulation necrosis  necrosis of a portion of some organ or tissue, with formation of fibrous infarcts, the protoplasm of the cells becoming fixed and opaque by coagulation of the protein elements, the cellular outline persisting for a long time.

colliquative necrosis  that in which the necrotic material becomes softened and liquefied.

contraction band necrosis  a cardiac lesion characterized by hypercontracted myofibrils and contraction bands and mitochondrial damage, caused by calcium influx into dying cells resulting in arrest of the cells in the contracted state.

fat necrosis  that in which the neutral fats in adipose tissue are split into fatty acids and glycerol, usually affecting the pancreas and peripancreatic fat in acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.

liquefaction necrosis  colliquative n.

phosphorus necrosis  necrosis of the jaw bone due to exposure to phosphorus.

postpartum pituitary necrosis  necrosis of the pituitary during the postpartum period, often associated with shock and excessive uterine bleeding during delivery, and leading to variable patterns of hypopituitarism.

subcutaneous fat necrosis  induration of the subcutaneous fat in newborn and young infants.

necrosis ustilagi´nea  dry gangrene due to ergotism.

Zenker's necrosis  see under degeneration.

---

caseous necrosis

n.

A type of tissue death in which all cellular outline is lost and tissue appears crumbly and cheeselike, usually seen in tuberculosis. Also called caseous degeneration.

---

caseous necrosis,

necrosis that transforms tissue into a dry cheeselike mass. It occurs primarily in tuberculosis. Also called caseation necrosis. See also cheesy necrosis.

---

necrosis (nekrō´sis),

n 1. the death of a cell or group of cells in contact with living tissue.
n 2. the local death of cells resulting from, e.g., loss of blood supply, bacterial toxins, or physical or chemical agents.

necrosis, avascular

n the consequence of temporary or permanent cessation of blood flow to the bones. The absence of blood causes the bone tissue to die, resulting in fracture or collapse of the entire bone.

necrosis, caseous

n a change commonly associated with tuberculosis and characterized by dry, soft, and cheesy tissue.

necrosis, exanthematous

n an acute necrotizing process involving the gingivae, jawbones, and contiguous soft tissues. It is of unknown cause, primarily affects children, and resembles noma. It differs from noma, however, in that it has a slight odor, tendency for self-limitation, low mortality rate, and normal leukocyte count. See also noma.

necrosis, gingival,

n death and degeneration of the cells and other structural elements of the gingivae (e.g., necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis).

necrosis, interdental,

n a progressive disease that destroys the tissue of the papillae and creates interdental craters. Advanced interdental necrosis leads to a loss of periodontal attachment.

necrosis, ischemic,

n death and disintegration of a tissue resulting from interference with its blood supply, thus depriving the tissues of access to substances necessary for metabolic sustenance. It may occur in the periodontal ligament as a result of occlusal trauma.

necrosis of epithelial attachment,

n the death of cells composing the epithelial attachment. In a specific periodontitis produced by organisms similar to
Actinomyces, necrosis of the epithelial attachment may exist, permitting a rapid apical shift of the base of the pocket.

necrosis, periodontal ligament,

n necrosis of a portion of the periodontal ligament, usually resulting from traumatic injury (e.g., in occlusal traumatism). Much of this necrotic change is the result of ischemia.

necrosis, radiation,

n the death of tissue caused by radiation.

---

necrosis

pl. necroses [Gr.] the morphological changes indicative of cell death caused by enzymatic degradation.

---

aseptic necrosis

necrosis without infection or inflammation.

caseous necrosis

necrosis in which the tissue is soft, dry and cheesy, occurring typically in tuberculosis.

central necrosis

necrosis affecting the central portion of an affected bone, cell or lobule of the liver.

cheesy necrosis

that in which the tissue resembles cottage cheese; most often seen in tuberculosis.

coagulation necrosis

death of cells, the protoplasm of the cells becoming fixed and opaque by coagulation of the protein elements, the cellular outline persisting for a long time.

colliquative necrosis

see liquefactive necrosis (below).

liquefactive necrosis

necrosis in which the necrotic material becomes softened and liquefied.

moist necrosis

necrosis in which the dead tissue is wet and soft.

Zenker's necrosis

hyaline degeneration and necrosis of striated muscle; called also Zenker's degeneration.