basal metabolic rate

rate (rāt) the speed or frequency with which an event or circumstance occurs per unit of time, population, or other standard of comparison.

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basal metabolic rate  an expression of the rate at which oxygen is used by body cells, or the calculated equivalent heat production by the body, in a fasting subject at complete rest. Abbreviated BMR.

birth rate  the number of births in a specified area during a defined period for the total population, often further qualified as to which portion of the population is being examined.

case fatality rate  the ratio of the number of deaths caused by a specified disease to the number of diagnosed cases of that disease.

circulation rate  the amount of blood pumped through the body by the heart per unit time.

death rate  an expression of the number of deaths in a population at risk during one year. The crude death r. is the ratio of the number of deaths to the total population of an area; the age-specific death r. is the ratio of the number of deaths in a specific age group to the number of persons in that age group; the cause-specific death r. is the ratio of the number of deaths due to a specified cause to the total population.

dose rate  the amount of any agent administered per unit of time.

erythrocyte sedimentation rate  (ESR) the rate at which erythrocytes sediment from a well-mixed specimen of venous blood, as measured by the distance that the top of a column of erythrocytes falls in a specified time interval under specified conditions.

fatality rate  case fatality r.

fertility rate  a measure of fertility in a specified population over a specified period of time, particularly the general fertility r., the number of live births in a geographic area in a year per 1000 women of childbearing age.

fetal death rate  the ratio of the number of fetal deaths in one year to the total number of both live births and fetal deaths in that year.

five-year survival rate  an expression of the number of survivors with no trace of disease five years after each has been diagnosed or treated for the same disease.

glomerular filtration rate  (GFR) an expression of the quantity of glomerular filtrate formed each minute in the nephrons of both kidneys, usually measured by the rate of clearance of creatinine.

growth rate  an expression of the increase in size of an organic object per unit of time.

heart rate  the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time.

incidence rate  the probability of developing a particular disease during a given period of time; the numerator is the number of new cases during the specified time period and the denominator is the population at risk during the period.

morbidity rate  an inexact term that can mean either the incidence rate or the prevalence rate.

mortality rate  death r.

prevalence rate  the number of people in a population who have a disease at a given time: the numerator is the number of existing cases of disease at a specified time and the denominator is the total population.

pulse rate  the number of pulsations noted in a peripheral artery per unit of time.

respiration rate  the number of movements of the chest wall per unit of time, indicative of inhalation and exhalation.

sedimentation rate  the rate at which a sediment is deposited in a given volume of solution, especially when subjected to the action of a centrifuge.

stillbirth rate  fetal death r.

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basal metabolic rate

n.

Abbr. BMR The rate at which energy is used by an organism at complete rest, measured in humans by the heat given off per unit time, and expressed as the calories released per kilogram of body weight or per square meter of body surface per hour.

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basal metabolic rate (BMR),

the amount of energy used in a unit of time by a fasting, resting subject to maintain vital functions. The rate, determined by the amount of oxygen used, is expressed in Calories consumed per hour per square meter of body surface area or per kilogram of body weight. Also called basal energy expenditure (BEE). See also Calorie.

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basal metabolic rate,

n the rate of metabolism at rest.

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basal (baz´l),

adj 1. describing the minimal functions necessary for life.
adj 2. located at or forming the base of a structure.
n 3. the fundamental structures from which an organism is derived.

basal bone,

n portion of the jawbones that forms the body of the maxilla or mandible.

basal lamina,

n a layer composed of the lamina densa and the lamina lucida. It is an extracellular matrix that lies beneath the epithelium and is believed to inhibit cell migration. The term is usually associated with electron microscopy, whereas the term
basement membrane is usually associated with light microscopy.

basal layer,

n See stratum basale.

basal metabolic rate (BMR)

n a type of basal rate, or energy exchange, determined by means of a clinical test of oxygen consumption in a subject who has had a good night's rest, has fasted for 12 to 14 hours, and has been physically, mentally, and emotionally at rest for 30 minutes; usually indicated as a percentage of the normal calorie production per surface area, the normal values ranging between plus and minus 20%.

basal metabolism,

n See basal metabolic rate.

basal seat,

n the oral tissues and structures that support a denture.

basal seat area,

n See area, basal seat.

basal seat outline,

n an outline on the mucous membrane or on a cast of the entire area that is to be covered by a denture.

basal surface,

n See surface, basal.

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rate,

n measurement of a thing by its ratio or given in relation to some standard.

rate, basal metabolic,

n See basal metabolic rate.

rate, DEF,

n an expression of dental caries experience in primary teeth. The DEF rate is calculated by adding the number of decayed primary teeth requiring filling (D), decayed primary teeth requiring extraction (E), and primary teeth successfully filled (F). Missing primary teeth are not included in the count because whether they were extracted because of caries or exfoliated normally is often impossible to determine.

rate, DMF index,

n a method of classifying the condition of the teeth based on the number of teeth in a given oral cavity that are decayed, missing, or indicated for removal and of those filled or bearing restorations.

rate, erythrocyte sedimentation

n the rate of settling of erythrocytes by gravity under conditions in which all factors affecting the rate are corrected, standardized, or eliminated except for alterations in the physicochemical properties of the plasma proteins. These alterations are the basis for interpretation of the rate. There is an increase in the rate in most infections. Sedimentation velocity is useful in prognosis to determine recovery from infection. Normal values vary with the method used in the determination.

rate, heart,

n the rate of the heartbeat, expressed as the number of beats per minute. The heart rate is reflected in the pulse rate. The cardiac rate of contraction is described as normal (70 beats/min), rapid (more than 100 beats/min), or slow (less than 55 beats/min). Disturbances in heart rate and rhythm may be paroxysmal or persistent. Descriptive terms are
tachycardia (increased, shallow heart rate to compensate for inadequate cardiac output) and
brady-cardia (slow, firm heart rate caused by cardiac sinus mechanisms and the vagal effect over the sympathetic innervation of the heart).

rate, survival,

n the percentage of survivals within a certain study; in dentistry, it refers to the percentage of implants that are functioning within acceptable standards.

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basal

pertaining to or situated near a base; in physiology, pertaining to the lowest possible level.

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basal body

the structure that acts as a template for the characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of the microtubules of eukaryotic cilia and flagella.

basal cell tumors

neoplasms of the multipotential cells within the stratum germinativum of the skin. They are common in dogs and cats, are locally expansive and do not metastasize.

basal energy requirements (BER)

see energy requirements.

basal ganglia

a collection of masses of gray matter at the base of the cerebral hemispheres, subthalamus and midbrain which are responsible for much of the organization of the activity of somatic muscles. The individual nuclei are the caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, endopeduncular nucleus, subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra. Other nuclei which have a similar function but are usually not included in the group are the amygdaloid nuclei and the red nucleus.

basal layer

see stratum basale.

basal membrane

the deepest layer of the epidermis in the avian skin. Called also dermoepidermal junction.

basal metabolic rate

see metabolic rate.

basal metabolism

the minimal energy expended for the maintenance of respiration, circulation, peristalsis, muscle tonus, body temperature, glandular activity and the other vegetative functions of the body. See also metabolic rate.

basal metabolism test

a method of measuring the body's expenditure of energy by recording its rate of oxygen intake and consumption. Once a major test of thyroid gland function, it is being replaced by diagnostic tests requiring less extensive preparation and capable of producing more accurate test results, e.g. the determination of the levels of thyroid hormones in the blood and the radioiodine uptake test.

basal nuclei

see basal ganglion.

basal plate

the ventral plate of the developing neural tube of the embryo; associated with motor output from the CNS.

basal tone

degree of contractile tension remaining in blood vessels after complete elimination of all external excitatory influences.

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basal metabolic rate

Basic metabolic rate, BMR A baseline rate of metabolism expressed as oxygen consumption or heat production under resting or basal conditions, usually long after eating