antipsychotic agent

antipsychotic agent

Major tranquilizer, neuroleptic Neuropharmacology Any drug that attenuates psychotic episodes Agents Phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, butyrophenones, dibenzoxazepines, dibenzodiazepines, diphenylbutylpiperidines Indications Management of schizophrenic, paranoid, schizoaffective and other psychotic disorders, acute delirium, dementia, manic episodes–during induction of lithium therapy, control of movement disorders—in Huntington's disease, Tourette syndrome, ballismus, intractable hiccups, severe nausea and vomiting by blocking the medulla's chemoreceptor trigger zone Adverse effects Extrapyramidal effects–dystonia, akathisia, parkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia due to blocking of basal ganglia; sedation and autonomic side effects–orthostatic hypotension, blurred vision, dry mouth, nasal congestion and constipation are due to blocking of histamic, cholinergic and adrenergic receptors