antidiuretic hormone

hormone /hor·mone/ (hor´mōn) a chemical substance produced in the body which has a specific regulatory effect on the activity of certain cells or a certain organ or organs.hormo´nal

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adrenocortical hormone 

1. any of the corticosteroids elaborated by the adrenal cortex, the major ones being the glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, and including some androgens, progesterone, and perhaps estrogens.

2. corticosteroid.

adrenocorticotropic hormone  (ACTH) corticotropin.

adrenomedullary hormones  substances secreted by the adrenal medulla, including epinephrine and norepinephrine.

androgenic hormone  androgen.

anterior pituitary hormones  those produced in the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary), including corticotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, growth hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, and thyrotropin.

antidiuretic hormone  vasopressin.

cortical hormone  adrenocortical h.

corticotropin-releasing hormone  (CRH) a neuropeptide elaborated mainly by the median eminence of the hypothalamus, but also by the pancreas and brain, that stimulates the secretion of corticotropin.

ectopic hormone  one released from a neoplasm or cells outside the usual source of the hormone.

eutopic hormone  one released from its usual site or from a neoplasm of that tissue.

fibroblast growth hormone  a peptide hormone secreted by the adenohypophysis that is a potent mitogen of vascular endothelial cells and a regulator of tissue vascularization.

follicle-stimulating hormone  (FSH) one of the gonadotropic hormones of the adenohypophysis; it stimulates ovarian follicle growth and maturation, estrogen secretion, and endometrial changes characteristic of the first portion of the menstrual cycle in females, and stimulates spermatogenesis in males.

follicle-stimulating hormone–releasing hormone  (FSH-RH) luteinizing hormone

gonadotropic hormone  gonadotropin.

gonadotropin-releasing hormone  (Gn-RH)

1. luteinizing hormone

2. any hypothalamic factor that stimulates release of both follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.

growth hormone  (GH) any of several related hormones secreted by the adenohypophysis that directly influence protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism and control the rate of skeletal and visceral growth; used pharmaceutically as somatrem and somatropin.

growth hormone–releasing hormone  (GH-RH) one elaborated by the hypothalamus, stimulating release of growth hormone from the adenohypophysis.

inhibiting hormones  hormones elaborated by one body structure that inhibit release of hormones from another structure; applied to substances of established clinical identity, while those whose chemical structure is still unknown are called inhibiting factors.

interstitial cell–stimulating hormone  luteinizing h.

lactation hormone , lactogenic hormone prolactin.

local hormone  a substance with hormonelike properties that acts at an anatomically restricted site.

luteinizing hormone  (LH) a gonadotropin of the adenohypophysis, acting with follicle-stimulating hormone in females to promote ovulation as well as secretion of androgens and progesterone. It instigates and maintains the secretory portion of the menstrual cycle and is concerned with corpus luteum formation. In males, it stimulates the development and functional activity of testicular Leydig cells.

luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone  (LH-RH) a glycoprotein gonadotropic hormone of the adenohypophysis that acts with follicle-stimulating hormone to promote ovulation and promotes secretion of androgen and progesterone. A preparation of the salts is used in the differential diagnosis of hypothalamic, pituitary, and gonadal dysfunction and in the treatment of some forms of infertility and hypogonadism.

melanocyte-stimulating hormone , melanophore-stimulating hormone (MSH) one of several peptides secreted by the anterior pituitary in humans and in the rhomboid fossa in lower vertebrates, influencing melanin formation and deposition in the body and causing color changes in the skin of amphibians, fishes, and reptiles.

neurohypophysial hormones  posterior pituitary h's.

ovarian hormones  those secreted by the ovary, such as estrogens and progestational agents.

parathyroid hormone  a polypeptide hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands, which influences calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone formation.

placental hormones  those produced by the placenta during pregnancy, including chorionic gonadotropin and other substances having estrogenic, progestational, or adrenocorticoid activity.

plant hormone  phytohormone.

posterior pituitary hormones  those released from the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary), including oxytocin and vasopressin.

progestational hormone 

1. progesterone.

2. see under agent.

releasing hormones  hormones elaborated in one structure that cause the release of hormones from another structure; applied to substances of established chemical identity, while those whose chemical structure is unknown are called releasing factors.

sex hormones  the estrogens and androgens considered together.

somatotrophic hormone , somatotropic hormone growth h.

somatotropin-releasing hormone  (SRH) growth hormone

steroid hormones  those that are biologically active steroids; they are secreted by the adrenal cortex, testis, ovary, and placenta and include the progestogens, glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.

thyroid hormones  thyroxine, calcitonin, and triiodothyronine; in the singular, thyroxine and/or triiodothyronine.

thyroid-stimulating hormone  (TSH), thyrotropic hormone thyrotropin.

thyrotropin-releasing hormone  (TRH) a tripeptide hormone of the hypothalamus, which stimulates release of thyrotropin from the adenohypophysis and also acts as a prolactin-releasing factor. It is used in diagnosis of mild hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease, and in differentiating among primary, secondary, and tertiary hypothyroidism. A synthetic preparation is called protirelin.

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antidiuretic hormone

n. Abbr. ADH

See vasopressin.

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Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)

A hormone that acts on the kidneys to regulate water balance.

Mentioned in: Pituitary Dwarfism

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antidiuretic hormone (ADH),

a hormone that decreases the production of urine by increasing the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules. It is secreted by cells of the hypothalamus and stored in the neurohypophysis. ADH is released in response to a decrease in blood volume, an increased concentration of sodium or other substances in plasma, pain, stress, or the action of certain drugs. ADH causes contraction of smooth muscle in the digestive tract and blood vessels, especially capillaries, arterioles, and venules. Acetylcholine, methacholine, nicotine, large doses of barbiturates, anesthetics, epINEPHrine, and norepinephrine stimulate ADH release; ethanol and phenytoin inhibit production of the hormone. Increased intracranial pressure promotes inappropriate increases and decreases in ADH. Synthetic ADH is used in the treatment of diabetes insipidus. Normal values are 1 to 5 pg/mL or less than 1.5 ng/L. Also called vasopressin.

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antidiuretic hormone,

n hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that decreases urine production by causing renal tubules to reabsorb water.

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antidiuretic

1. pertaining to or causing suppression of urine production.

2. an agent that causes suppression of urine production.

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antidiuretic hormone

vasopressin; a polypeptide hormine from the posterior lobe of the pituitary that suppresses the production of urine; it has a specific effect on the epithelial cells of the renal tubules, stimulating the reabsorption of water independently of solids, and resulting in concentration of urine. Stored and released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, it also has vasopressor activity. Called also ADH.

antidiuretic hormone response test

measures urine specific gravity or osmolality before and after the administration of vasopressin to determine whether a polyuric condition is caused by a deficiency or reduced responsiveness to antidiuretic hormone. Called also Pitressin tannate test, Pitressin concentration test.

syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

one in which there is abnormal production of ADH leading to hyponatremia (see also syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone).

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antidiuretic hormone

Arginine vasopressin Endocrinology An octapeptide hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary, which promotes renal tubular reabsorption of water by kidneys in response to ↑ osmolality/↓ plasma volume with ↑ sodium and solutes; ↓ osmolality–water excess results in ↓ secretion of ADH, thereby ↑ excretion of water to maintain fluid balance; ADH is ↑ in bronchogenic carcinoma, acute porphyria, hypothyroidism, Addison's disease, cirrhosis, hepatitis, hemorrhage, shock, CHF; ADH is ↓ with diabetes insipidus, viral infection, metastatic CA, sarcoidosis, TB, Langerhans cell histiocytosis/Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, syphilis, head trauma Therapeutic effects ADH is an antidiuretic and vasopressor, and used for diabetes insipidus