alpha-lipoprotein

lipoprotein /lipo·pro·tein/ (-prō´tēn) a complex of lipids and apolipoproteins, the form in which lipids are transported in the blood.

---

α-lipoprotein , alpha lipoprotein one with electrophoretic mobility equivalent to that of the α1-globulins, e.g., high-density lipoprotein.

β-lipoprotein , beta lipoprotein one with electrophoretic mobility equivalent to that of the β-globulins, e.g., low-density lipoprotein.

floating beta lipoproteins  β.

high-density lipoprotein  (HDL) a class of plasma lipoproteins that promote transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver for excretion in the bile; serum levels have been negatively correlated with premature coronary heart disease.

intermediate-density lipoprotein  (IDL) a class of lipoproteins formed in the degradation of very-low-density lipoproteins; some are cleared rapidly into the liver and some are degraded to low-density lipoproteins.

low-density lipoprotein  (LDL) a class of plasma lipoproteins that transport cholesterol to extrahepatic tissues; high serum levels have been correlated with premature coronary heart disease.

Lp(a) lipoprotein  a lipoprotein particle containing apolipoprotein B-100 as well as an antigenically unique apolipoprotein; its occurrence at high levels in plasma has been correlated with increased risk of heart disease.

pre-β-lipoprotein , pre-beta lipoprotein very-low-density lipoprotein

sinking pre-β-lipoprotein  Lp(a) l.

very-high-density lipoprotein  (VHDL) a class of lipoproteins composed predominantly of proteins and also containing a high concentration of free fatty acids.

very-low-density lipoprotein  (VLDL) a class of lipoproteins that transport triglycerides from the intestine and liver to adipose and muscle tissues; they contain primarily triglycerides with some cholesteryl esters.

---

alpha-lipoprotein

n.

See high-density lipoprotein.

---

lipoprotein

any of the macromolecular complexes that are the form in which lipids are transported in the blood. They consist of a core of hydrophobic lipids covered by a layer of phospholipids and apoproteins, which make the complex water-soluble. There are four main classes of lipoproteins: chylomicrons, in which lipids are transported after a meal from the intestine to tissues, where they are stored or used; very low density lipoproteins (VLDL); low density lipoproteins (LDL); and high density lipoproteins (HDL). VLDL and HDL are produced by both the liver and the intestine; LDL is produced by the metabolism of VLDL.

---

α-lipoprotein

high density lipoproteins which migrate in the alpha position in paper chromatography. Inherited deficiency of these proteins is described in humans but there is no known animal model of the disease.

lipoprotein factor Xa inhibitor

a blood coagulation inhibitor present in the low density lipoprotein fraction of plasma.

high density lipoprotein (HDL)

a fraction of lipoproteins separable by ultracentrifugation.

intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL)

intermediate in density between LDL and VLDL; migrate in electrophoresis with β-globulins.

lipoprotein lipase

specific lipase hydrolyzing lipoproteins.

lipoprotein lipase deficiency

see hyperlipoproteinemia.