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alanine aminotransferase |
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alanine aminotransferase /al·a·nine ami·no·trans·fer·ase/ (ah-me″no-trans´fer-ās) alanine transaminase.
alanine aminotransferase (ALT), an enzyme normally present in the serum and tissues of the body, especially the tissues of the liver. This enzyme catalyzes the transfer of an amino group from alanine to alpha-ketoglutarate, forming pyruvate and glutamate. The reaction is reversible. The enzyme is released into the serum as a result of tissue injury and increases in persons with acute liver damage. Normal findings are 5 to 35 IU/L. Also called alanine transferase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Compare aspartate aminotransferase. alanine aminotransferase an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group in the reaction: $$\hbox{alanine + 2-oxoglutarate \leftrightharpoonsarrow\,\! pyruvate + glutamate}$$ requiring the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate. Abbreviated ALT. It is present in high concentrations in hepatocytes of dogs, cats and humans. The serum concentration is elevated, especially when there is acute damage to liver cells, as in viral or toxic hepatitis, and obstructive jaundice. Significant elevation of the serum levels of ALT is a specific indicator of liver damage only in small animals and primates. Called also glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT). alanine aminotransferase Glutamine pyruvic transaminase, GPT Clinical chemistry An enzyme found primarily in the liver, with lesser amounts in the kidneys, heart and skeletal muscles; low levels of ALT are normal in the circulation; after
liver damage, ALT is released into the bloodstream before more obvious clinical findings of liver damage–eg jaundice, occur; ↑ ALT is an early indicator of acute liver damage; ALT is measured as part of a panel of blood chemistry tests
Ref ranges ♂ 10-32 U/L; ♀ 9-24 U/L; children 2 times > adults; AA is ↑ in viral hepatitis, drug-induced hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, chronic hepatitis, intrahepatic cholestasis, cholecystitis, active cirrhosis, acute MI.
See Aspartate amino transferase, Gamma-glutamyl transferase. How to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, add the site to iGoogle, or visit webmaster's page for free fun content. |
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| ? Mentioned in | ? References in periodicals archive | |
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By day 4 of hospitalization, the patient's level of creatine
phosphokinase had elevated to 146 266 U/L, the level of aspartate
aminotransferase was 3082 U/L, the level of alanine aminotransferase was
1144 U/L, and the level of lactate dehydrogenase was 4687 U/L. The laboratory results showed
that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and [gamma]-glutamyl transpeptidase
levels were elevated about 1. Other endpoints observed in the study were a 57
percent increase in liver glycogen and no changes in muscle glycogen or
in levels of plasma insulin or alanine aminotransferase. |
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