adenosine triphosphate

adenosine /aden·o·sine/ (ah-den´o-sēn) a purine nucleoside consisting of adenine and ribose; a component of RNA. It is also a cardiac depressant and vasodilator used as an antiarrhythmic and as an adjunct in myocardial perfusion imaging in patients incapable of exercising adequately to undergo an exercise stress test. Symbol A.

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cyclic adenosine monophosphate  a cyclic nucleotide, adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate, that serves as an intracellular, and sometimes extracellular, “second messenger” mediating the action of many peptide or amine hormones. Abbreviated 3, cAMP, and cyclic AMP.

adenosine diphosphate  (ADP) a nucleotide, the 5′-pyrophosphate of adenosine, involved in energy metabolism; it is produced by the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and converted back to ATP by the metabolic processes oxidative phosphorylation and substrate-level phosphorylation.

adenosine monophosphate  (AMP) adenylic acid; a nucleotide, the 5′-phosphate of adenosine, involved in energy metabolism and nucleotide synthesis.

adenosine triphosphate  (ATP) a nucleotide, the 5′-triphosphate of adenosine, involved in energy metabolism and required for RNA synthesis; it occurs in all cells and is used to store energy in the form of high-energy phosphate bonds. The free energy derived from its hydrolysis is used to drive metabolic reactions, to transport molecules against concentration gradients, and to produce mechanical motion.

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adenosine triphosphate

n.

ATP.

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adenosine triphosphate (ATP),

a compound consisting of the nucleotide adenosine (A) attached through its ribose group to three phosphoric acid molecules (P). Hydrolysis of ATP to adenosine diphosphate (D) releases energy. By coupling a less favorable reaction in the cell with this hydrolysis, the less favorable reaction may proceed, allowing one to think of ATP as the cellular energy currency, especially in muscle.

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adenosine triphosphate (·deˑ·n·sēn trī·fsˑ·fāt),

n the compound that is hydrolyzed to produce the energy necessary for metabolic processes. Also called
ATP.

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adenosine (den´sēn´),

n a compound derived from nucleic acid, composed of adenine and a sugar, D-ribose. Major molecular component of nucleotides and the nucleic acids.

adenosine monophosphate (AMP),

n an ester, composed of adenine, D-ribose, and phosphoric acid, that affects energy release in work done by a muscle.

adenosine triphosphate (ATP),

n a compound consisting of the nucleotide adenosine attached through its ribose group to three phosphoric acid molecules. Stores energy in muscles, which is released when it is hydrolized to adenosine diphosphate.

Adenoviridae

n a family of unenveloped, 20-sided DNA viruses found in mammals (Mastadenovirus) and birds (Aviadenovirus). The human variety can cause a number of diseases, from conjunctivitis to urinary tract infection.