acute gastritis

acute gastritis.

See gastritis.

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gastritis [gas-tri´tis]

inflammation of the lining of the stomach. Gastritis is one of the most common stomach disorders, and occurs in acute, chronic, and toxic forms.

acute gastritis severe gastritis that may be caused by intake of aspirin or other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, food poisoning, overeating, excessive intake of alcoholic beverages, or bacterial or viral infection; it is often accompanied by enteritis. The outstanding symptom is abdominal pain, and there is also a feeling of distention, with loss of appetite and nausea. There may be a slight fever and vomiting. The substance causing the irritation can often be identified, in which case it should be avoided. Treatment may include the use of antacids. A bland diet of liquids and easily digested food should be followed for 2 or 3 days. Simply prepared solid foods in small quantities can then be added.

atrophic gastritis chronic gastritis with atrophy of the mucous membranes and glands.

chronic gastritis gastritis that occurs repeatedly or continues over a period of time. Although pain, especially after eating, and symptoms associated with indigestion may occur in chronic gastritis, most patients are asymptomatic; however, the condition may lead to hemorrhage and ulcer formation. Among its possible causes are Helicobacter pylori, vitamin deficiencies, abnormalities of the gastric juice, ulcers, hiatus hernia, excessive use of alcohol, or a combination of any of these.

Chronic gastritis is treated with a bland diet; food should be taken frequently and in small amounts. Antacids or anticholinergics may also be used in moderation to minimize stomach acidity. If bleeding is a problem that cannot be controlled by conservative measures, partial gastrectomy, pyloroplasty, vagotomy, or total gastrectomy may be indicated.

giant hypertrophic gastritis Ménétrier's disease.

toxic gastritis gastritis resulting from ingestion of a corrosive substance such as a strong acid or poison. There is an acute burning sensation and cramping stomach pain, accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting; the vomit may be bloody. The victim may collapse. This condition is an emergency and immediate measures must be taken to prevent serious damage to the tissues of the stomach. First aid measures are begun at once to flush out and neutralize the poison.

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gastritis

inflammation of the lining of the stomach. Gastritis is one of the most common stomach disorders, and occurs in acute, chronic and toxic forms. Its clinical manifestation is vomiting. In veterinary medicine, the pathogenesis, clinical findings and postmortem lesions are poorly defined and are, in many cases, based on functional rather than on structural changes.

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acute gastritis

severe gastritis caused by food poisoning, overeating or bacterial or viral infection, and often accompanied by enteritis. The outstanding sign of acute gastritis is abdominal pain.

atrophic gastritis

an immune-mediated disorder described in dogs with systemic lupus erythematosus; associated with antiparietal antibodies.

chronic gastritis

an inflammation of the stomach that may occur repeatedly or continue over a period of time.

chronic atrophic gastritis

rare in dogs; associated with mucosal thinning, loss of parietal cells, mucosal metaplasia and atrophy of gastric glands.

emphysematous gastritis

inflammation of the gastric wall by Clostridium perfringens.

eosinophilic gastritis

diffuse infiltration or discrete nodules of eosinophils in the stomach wall occur rarely in dogs. May be immune-mediated, due to allergy or parasites.

giant hypertrophic gastritis

excessive proliferation of the gastric mucosa, producing diffuse thickening of the wall; inflammatory changes may be associated. Weight loss, vomiting, diarrhea, hematemesis and hypoalbuminemia occur. Occurs in humans, dogs (particularly Basenjis), mice and nonhuman primates. Called also Ménétrier's disease.

granulomatous gastritis

see gastric habronemiasis.

histiocytic gastritis

rare cases occur in dogs in association with amyloidosis.

hypertrophic glandular gastritis

see giant hypertrophic gastritis (above).

infarctive gastritis

seen rarely in dogs, usually associated with fungal infection.

toxic gastritis

gastritis resulting from ingestion of a corrosive substance such as a strong acid or poison. There is cramping stomach pain, accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting. The vomitus may be bloody. The victim may collapse.