absorption coefficient

coefficient /co·ef·fi·cient/ (ko″ah-fish´int)

1. an expression of the change or effect produced by variation in certain factors, or of the ratio between two different quantities.

2. a number or figure put before a chemical formula to indicate how many times the formula is to be multiplied.

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absorption coefficient 

1. absorptivity.

2. linear absorption c.

3. mass absorption c.

biological coefficient  the amount of potential energy consumed by the body at rest.

correlation coefficient  a measure of the relationship between two statistical variables, most commonly expressed as their covariance divided by the standard deviation of each.

linear absorption coefficient  in radiation physics, the fraction of a beam of radiation absorbed per unit thickness of the absorber.

mass absorption coefficient  in radiation physics, the linear absorption coefficient divided by the density of the absorber.

phenol coefficient  a measure of the bactericidal activity of a chemical compound in relation to phenol.

sedimentation coefficient  the velocity at which a particle sediments in a centrifuge relative to the applied centrifugal field, usually expressed in Svedberg units (S), equal to 10−13 second, which are used to characterize the size of macromolecules.

coefficient of thermal conductivity  a number indicating the quantity of heat passing in a unit of time through a unit thickness of a substance when the difference in temperature is 1°C.

coefficient of thermal expansion  the change in volume per unit volume of a substance produced by a 1°C temperature increase.

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absorption coefficient

n.

1. The milliliters of a gas at standard temperature and pressure that will saturate 100 milliters of liquid.

2. The amount of light absorbed in 1 atom or in 1 unit of thickness or mass of a given substance.

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absorption coefficient,

the factor by which the intensity of electromagnetic energy decreases as it interacts with a unit thickness of an absorbing material. It is usually expressed per unit thickness.

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coefficient [ko″ĕ-fish´ent]

1. an expression of the change or effect produced by the variation in certain variables, or of the ratio between two different quantities.

2. in chemistry, a number or figure put before a chemical formula to indicate how many times the formula is to be multiplied.

absorption coefficient absorptivity.

1. linear absorption coefficient.

2. mass absorption coefficient.

Bunsen coefficient the number of milliliters of gas dissolved in a milliliter of liquid at atmospheric pressure (760 mm Hg) and a specified temperature. Symbol, α.

confidence coefficient the probability that a confidence interval will contain the true value of the population parameter. For example, if the confidence coefficient is 0.95, 95 per cent of the confidence intervals so calculated for a large number of random samples would contain the parameter.

correlation coefficient a numerical value that indicates the degree and direction of relationship between two variables; the coefficients range in value from +1.00 (perfect positive relationship) to 0.00 (no relationship) to −1.00 (perfect negative or inverse relationship).

diffusion coefficient see diffusion coefficient.

coefficient of digestibility the proportion of a food that is digested compared to what is absorbed, expressed as a percentage.

dilution coefficient a number that expresses the effectiveness of a disinfectant for a given organism. It is calculated by the equation tcⁿ = k, where t is the time required for killing all organisms, c is the concentration of disinfectant, n is the dilution coefficient, and k is a constant. A low coefficient indicates the disinfectant is effective at a low concentration.

linear absorption coefficient the fraction of a beam of radiation absorbed per unit thickness of absorber.

mass absorption coefficient the linear absorption coefficient divided by the density of the absorber.

phenol coefficient see phenol coefficient.

sedimentation coefficient the velocity at which a particle sediments in a centrifuge divided by the applied centrifugal field, the result having units of time (velocity divided by acceleration), usually expressed in Svedberg units (S), which equal 10⁻¹³ second. Sedimentation coefficients are used to characterize the size of macromolecules; they increase with increasing mass and density and are higher for globular than for fibrous particles.

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absorption (abzôrp´shn),

n 1. the passage of a substance into the interior of another by solution or penetration.
n 2. the taking up of fluids or other substances by the skin, mucous surfaces, absorbent vessels, or dental materials so that they are removed.
n 3. the process by which radiation imparts some or all of its energy to any material through which it passes.

absorption coefficient,

n the ratio of the linear rate of change of intensity of roentgen rays in a given homogeneous material to the intensity at a given point within the same mass.

absorption, drug,

n in dentistry, the factors that determine the speed and duration of response to a local anesthetic. The faster the absorption, the higher the chance of systemic toxicity and the lower the duration of effectiveness. The rate is altered by route of administration, use of vasoconstrictors, and patient factors.

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coefficient

1. an expression of the change or effect produced by the variation in certain factors, or of the ratio between two different quantities.

2. in chemistry, a number or figure put before a chemical formula to indicate how many times the formula is to be multiplied.

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absorption coefficient

1. the fraction of a beam of radiation that is absorbed in passing through a unit length of absorbing material.

2. a number indicating the volume of a gas absorbed by a unit volume of a liquid at 32°F (0°C) and at a pressure of 760 mmHg.

alienation coefficient

a measure of the lack of association between two variables. Called also the coefficient of nondetermination.

Bunsen coefficient

see absorption coefficient (2) (above).

contingency coefficient

a measure of association between qualitative assessments of two variables.

correlation coefficient

a measure of association which indicates the degree to which two or more sets of observations fit a linear relationship. Denoted by 'r', it can vary from −1.0 to 1.0.

determination coefficient

the coefficient of determination is the square of the correlation coefficient (r²). It describes the proportion of the variation of one of the correlated variables, explainable by the variation of the other variable. The value of the coefficient must lie between 0 and 1.

digestibility coefficient

percentage of the food ingested that is absorbed.

disarray coefficient

the measure of the degree of discord between two variables.

friction coefficient

the effect that the material in a surface has on the frictional force created by the application of a force to the surface: S = f × N, where S = friction, f = friction coefficient, N = reaction to the vertical application of a given force. In a normal joint the f value is very small (0.008).

coefficient of nondetermination

see alienation coefficient.