*
Tuberculoid pole and mid borderline spectrum--0.3%.
Males Females Total Leprosy type n % n % n % TT 10 4.5 2 0.9 12 5.4 BT 38 17.3 9 4.1 47 21.4 BB 6 2.7 3 1.4 9 4.1 BL 48 1.8 36 16.4 84 38.2 LL 40 18.2 22 10.0 62 28.2 Other 6 2.7 0 0.0 6 2.7 Total 148 67.3 72 32.7 220 100.0 TT =
tuberculoid leprosy, BT = borderline
tuberculoid, BB = mid-borderline, Table 3 | Distribution of patients by residence and type of leprosy.
###Major
tuberculoid (plaques, annular lesion etc.)
Histopathological results after HE staining of all three cases showed
tuberculoid granulomata with giant cells (Figure 2(a)), numerous lymphocytes, histiocytes and eosinophilic cells (Figure 2(b)), an amorphous eosinophilic material also known as the "Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon" (Figure 2(c)), and 10 [micro]m diameter septate hyphal fragments (Figure 2(b)), confirmed also by the Gomori-Grocott staining (Figure 2(d)).
Paucibacillary forms (bacilli being sparse) include TB verrucosa cutis,
tuberculoid, and lupus vulgaris [17,18].
Borderline
tuberculoid leprosy masquerading as granuloma annulare: a clinical and histological pitfall.
It includes
tuberculoid (TT), borderline
tuberculoid (BT), indeterminate (I) and pure neuritic (PN) forms, in which the skin smear is negative and/or the number of skin lesions is 1-5.
The clinical spectrum proposed by Ridley and Jopling (R&J) consists of two poles:
tuberculoid (TT) and lepromatous (LL), and three intermediate forms: borderline-tuberculoid (BT), borderline-borderline (BB), and borderline-lepromatous (BL).
Patients suffering from leprosy exhibit a wide spectrum of presentation ranging from
tuberculoid to the lepromatous pole, with the immunologically unstable borderline forms in-between, depending upon the immune status of the individual [2, 3].
Of the 11 cases of leprosy, 7 cases (63.63%) were of lepromatous leprosy, 2 cases each were of histoid leprosy, and
tuberculoid leprosy.
Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between Group I and the other groups for
tuberculoid clinical presentation of leprosy.