When the AIN, the epicondylar axis, the center of the femoral
trochlear groove, and the
trochlear point were identified and error was thought to be present, two other researchers participated in these steps to reduce the measurement error.
The long intracranial course of the
trochlear nerve makes it especially prone to injury in closed head traumas.
The
trochlear depth was the distance from the line connecting the most anterior parts of the medial and lateral femoral trochlea and the deepest
trochlear point.
Through the decrease in artifacts, optimum evaluation of especially curved surfaces and of patellar and
trochlear cartilages arranged perpendicularly to the joint is possible with high-resolution two-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction views acquired from 1 mm three-dimensional images.
(d) 2 mm diameter full-thickness articular cartilage defects were created in
trochlear grooves of the distal femur by carefully drilling in a vertical direction using a power microdrill.
Oculomotor,
trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, and vestibulocochlear nerve palsies are well-recognised complications with the abducens nerve being the most commonly affected one.
Orbital apex syndrome (OAS) has been described as a syndrome involving damage to the oculomotor nerve (CN3),
trochlear nerve (CN4), ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN5) and abducens nerve (CN6) in association with optic nerve dysfunction.
The proximal articular surfaces of all phalanges are concave, and the distal articular surfaces are
trochlear, except for the forth phalanx, which is claw shaped and covered by a horny claw.
Patient 4, who had isolated
trochlear nerve paralysis, is the fifth case reported in the English literature.
Isolated cranial nerve palsies affecting the
trochlear nerve (9) and the facial nerve (10) also have been reported.