However, the resulting product was rapidly hydrolyzed to
trisaccharide and GlcNAc at prolonged reaction times and the yield became almost zero after 24 h.
In addition, disaccharides,
trisaccharides and other oligosaccharides are present in honey in small concentrations.
Phosphobetains Antifouling properties No evidence in the bound form (71) Sulphobetains Antifouling properties No evidence in the bound form (72) Table-3: Role of carbohydrates Carbohydrate Ligand recognition Biomedical application Mono Di and
Trisaccharides Galactose Immune response (85), Specific cell residues (E.g.:- Di & Tri recognition (88), saccharides like Hepatic cell culture Melibiose (86),).
A sulfate disaccharide and a pyruvate
trisaccharide mediate self-binding to adjacent arms and to cell membranes [3, 4].
The retention factors of monosaccharides (glucose and fructose) was 0.6, sucrose, 0.5,
trisaccharide (similar to 1-kestose standard solution), 0.4, and tetrasaccharide (similar to nystose standard solution), 0.3.
This determinant can be released by endo-[beta]-galactosidase digestion of the glycoprotein, in conjunction with the formation of the tetrasaccharide Neu5NAc([alpha]2-3)Gal([beta]1-4)GlcNAc([beta]1-3)Gal and
trisaccharide Gal([beta]1-4)GlcNAc([beta]1-3)Gal.
Groups Urea Creatinine Normal 41.22 [+ or -] 2.27 (a) 0.61 [+ or -] 0.0363 (a) Normal + N- 41.54 [+ or -] 1.92 (b) 0.61 [+ or -] 0.03 (b)
Trisaccharide (50 mg/kg) Diabetic 68.33 [+ or -] 1.21 0.71 [+ or -] 0.036 Diabetic + N- 51.18 [+ or -] 1,59 (b,c) 0.62 [+ or -] 0.057 (b)
Trisaccharide (25 mg/kg) Diabetic + N- 58.83 [+ or -] 2.22 (b,c) 0.60 [+ or -] 0.028 (b)
Trisaccharide (50 mg/kg) Diabetic + 62.79 [+ or -] 3.07 (b,c) 0.61 [+ or -] 0.043 (b) glibenclamide (25 mg/kg) Values are mean [+ or -] SD (n = 6).
Again, a positive-ion tandem MALDI-TOFMS (Figure 7) of the ion at m/z 495.15 of a
trisaccharide, built up of 2 fucose and 1 galactose residues demonstrated unique signal at m/z 361.1, probably, from 1,5-type of cross-ring cleavage of hexose ring, that was not observed in xylose-containing oligosaccharides.
More specifically, we described a
trisaccharide domain shared by both sialyl [Le.sup.a] and its isomer, sialyl [Le.sup.x] (found on immune cells), as the true binding epitope for E-selectin (50).
(17) The oligosaccharide segment of this molecule is a species specific terminal
trisaccharide: 3,6-di-O-methyl-[beta]-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 [right arrow] 4)-2,3-di-O-methyl-[alpha]-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 [right arrow] 2)-3-O-methyl-[alpha]-L-rhamnopyranose.