One of the SCA3/MJD pathological features is the atrophy of pontine
tegmentum and facial colliculus.
Tegmentum of head valve, lateral areas of intermediate valves and postmucronal area of tail valve sculptured with large, rather raised and very irregular pustules, arranged in segments of various size and shape, i.e.
Pontine
tegmentum is often spared and extrapotine areas like basal ganglia and thalami may also be involved where the term osmotic demyelination syndrome is used which indicates affliction of pontine and extrapontine areas.
In the midventricle, optic lobe is divided into two parts: the tectum and the
tegmentum. Cell and fiber in the center of optic lobe are oval in shape (Fig.
BOX 2 Antidepressants'direct and indirect pain-mitigating effects and psychiatric comorbidities The pain-mitigating effects of antidepressants can be thought of in terms of direct analgesic effects (impacting neurotransmission of descending pathways independent of influences on mood) and indirect effects (presumably impacting cortical and limbic output to the periaqueductal gray area, the rostroventral medulla, and the dorsolateral pontomesencephalic
tegmentum brought about by improvement in mood and/ or cognitive appraisals) (Figure (2,3,8,10,11,15,20,22, 28,29)).
Pathologic examination reveals characteristic rust-brown discoloration of the globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticularis due to iron deposition and a reduction in the size of the caudate nuclei, substantia nigra, and
tegmentum as well as generalized atrophy of the brain.
As long as the ventral
tegmentum and the nucleus accumbens reside deep in the brain, humans will be at risk of addiction.
"
tegmentum" (covering, cover, wrapper), not net, least of all
The interpeduncular fossa distances are also demonstrated with the mammillary body-pontine distance (black dotted line) representing the apex; the base (width of the floor of the
tegmentum portion of the midbrain) is shown as well (white dotted line).
AG exhibited hypermetabolism in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, lateral and midline nucleus group of the dorsal thalamus, mammillary, supraoptic, and tuberal regions of the hypothalamus, cerebral peduncle, midbrain
tegmentum, and pontine
tegmentum after 4 weeks (Table 3 and Figure 3(b)).
Furthermore, it modulates nociceptive signals, acting directly at the dorsal horn of the spinal cord [44] or indirectly, through connections with the dorsolateral pontine
tegmentum (DLPT) and RVM [45], which in turn projects to the dorsal horn neurons that process the nociceptive information [46].